New MED based desalination process for low grade waste heat

Dastgerdi, Hamid Rezvani; Whittaker, Peter B.; Chua, Hui Tong

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2016.05.022

Cited by 52 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…The conservation of mass and energy for the th effect can be written as follows [23]: As mentioned earlier in the assumptions, the temperature difference between the effects is constant; hence, for the nth effect, the temperature difference is calculated as follows [23]:…”

Section: Heat Recovery Steam Generator (Hrsg)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increasing the salinity of water raises its boiling temperature; thus, the temperature of the generated vapor in each effect is lower than the boiling point of that effect. Therefore, the vapor temperature of the ith effect is given by [23]:…”

Section: Heat Recovery Steam Generator (Hrsg)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They concluded that the total cost could be decreased from 2.80 to 2.30 $/m 3 by supplying excess power to the RO system. Dastgerdi et al [23] developed a new configuration of the MED unit for waste heat recovery in the range of 65 • C to 90 • C and found that the devised system can increase the freshwater production rate by 45%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Performance Analysis of a New Electricity and Freshwater Production System Based on an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle and Multi-Effect Desalination

et al. 2020

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Integrated biomass gasification combined cycles can be advantageous for providing multiple products simultaneously. A new electricity and freshwater generation system is proposed based on the integrated gasification and gas turbine cycle as the main system, and a steam Rankine cycle and multi-effect desalination system as the waste heat recovery units. To evaluate the performance of the system, energy, exergy, and economic analyses were performed. Also, a parametric analysis was performed to assess the effects of various parameters on the system’s performance criteria. The economic feasibility of the plant was analyzed in terms of net present value. For the base case, the performance metrics are evaluated as Wnet=8.347 MW, ε=46.22%, SUCP=14.07 $/GJ, and mfw=11.7 kg/s. Among all components of the system, the combustion chamber is the greatest contributor to the exergy destruction rate, at 3250 kW. It is shown with the parametric analysis that raising the combustion temperature leads to higher electricity and freshwater production capacity. For a fuel cost of 2 $/GJ and an electricity price of 0.07 $/kWh, the total net present value at the end of plant’s lifespan is 6.547×106 $, and the payback period is 6.75 years. Thus, the plant is feasible from an economic perspective.

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Section: Heat Recovery Steam Generator (Hrsg)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Heat Recovery Steam Generator (Hrsg)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance Analysis of a New Electricity and Freshwater Production System Based on an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle and Multi-Effect Desalination

et al. 2020

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“…Figure 6 represents a distillation strategy that addresses the problems associated with traditional distillation: (1) scaling, (2) heat loss. Scaling reduces thermal conductivity and thus increases the amount of energy required to heat seawater up to saturation point [55,274,275]. It also results in serious maintenance issues that are costly and time consuming [276][277][278][279].…”

Section: Emerging Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Looking Beyond Energy Efficiency: An Applied Review of Water Desalination Technologies and an Introduction to Capillary-Driven Desalination

Ahmadvand

Abbasi

Azarfar

et al. 2019

Water

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Most notable emerging water desalination technologies and related publications, as examined by the authors, investigate opportunities to increase energy efficiency of the process. In this paper, the authors reason that improving energy efficiency is only one route to produce more cost-effective potable water with fewer emissions. In fact, the grade of energy that is used to desalinate water plays an equally important role in its economic viability and overall emission reduction. This paper provides a critical review of desalination strategies with emphasis on means of using low-grade energy rather than solely focusing on reaching the thermodynamic energy limit. Herein, it is argued that large-scale commercial desalination technologies have by-and-large reached their engineering potential. They are now mostly limited by the fundamental process design rather than process optimization, which has very limited room for improvement without foundational change to the process itself. The conventional approach toward more energy efficient water desalination is to shift from thermal technologies to reverse osmosis (RO). However, RO suffers from three fundamental issues: (1) it is very sensitive to high-salinity water, (2) it is not suitable for zero liquid discharge and is therefore environmentally challenging, and (3) it is not compatible with low-grade energy. From extensive research and review of existing commercial and lab-scale technologies, the authors propose that a fundamental shift is needed to make water desalination more affordable and economical. Future directions may include novel ideas such as taking advantage of energy localization, surficial/interfacial evaporation, and capillary action. Here, some emerging technologies are discussed along with the viability of incorporating low-grade energy and its economic consequences. Finally, a new process is discussed and characterized for water desalination driven by capillary action. The latter has great significance for using low-grade energy and its substantial potential to generate salinity/blue energy.

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“…Converting this lowgrade heat into electrical power has drawn increasing attention due to its wide availability and energy potential [4][5][6][7][8]. Different types of thermoelectrochemical systems (TESs) are being investigated to convert low-grade waste heat to electrical power [9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical power production from low-grade waste heat using a thermally regenerative ethylenediamine battery

Rahimi

D’Angelo

Gorski

et al. 2017

Journal of Power Sources

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Thermally regenerative ammonia-based batteries (TRABs) have been developed to harvest low-grade waste heat as electricity. To improve the power production and anodic coulombic efficiency, the use of ethylenediamine as an alternative ligand to ammonia was explored here. The power density of the ethylenediamine-based battery (TRENB) was 85 ± 3 Wm -2 electrode area with 2 M ethylenediamine, and 119 ±4 Wm -2 with 3 M ethylenediamine. This power density was 68% higher than that of TRAB. The energy density was 478 Whm -3 anolyte, which was ~50% higher than that produced by TRAB. The anodic coulombic efficiency of the TRENB was 77 ± 2%, which was more than twice that obtained using ammonia in a TRAB (35%). The higher anodic efficiency reduced the difference between the anode dissolution and cathode deposition rates, resulting in a process more suitable for closed loop operation. The thermal-electric efficiency based on ethylenediamine separation using waste heat was estimated to be 0.52%, which was lower than that of TRAB (0.86%), mainly due to the more complex separation process. However, this energy recovery could likely be improved through optimization of the ethylenediamine separation process.

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New MED based desalination process for low grade waste heat

Cited by 52 publications

References 23 publications

Performance Analysis of a New Electricity and Freshwater Production System Based on an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle and Multi-Effect Desalination

Performance Analysis of a New Electricity and Freshwater Production System Based on an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle and Multi-Effect Desalination

Looking Beyond Energy Efficiency: An Applied Review of Water Desalination Technologies and an Introduction to Capillary-Driven Desalination

Electrical power production from low-grade waste heat using a thermally regenerative ethylenediamine battery

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