New molecular insights, innovative technologies, and medical approaches in the “Exploration of mechanisms in cortical plasticity”

Gatto, Rodolfo G.; Asakawa, Tetsuya

doi:10.31083/j.jin.2020.04.348

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…For example, transcranial direct current stimulation of Broca's area increase cognitive-verbal performance by modulating brain electrical activity in language-related regions [45]. Thus, harnessing the potential of this endogenous biological self-repairing process and restoring brain functionality in the context of acute and chronic neurological diseases has been one of the key promises for translational therapeutic strategies [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered cortical activity in patients with lower limb amputation based on EEG microstate

Shan¹,

Wei²,

Liu³

et al. 2021

J. Integr. Neurosci.

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Previous studies have revealed significant changes in electroencephalogram (EEG) microstates in neuropsychiatric diseases, including schizophrenia, depression, and dementia. To explore the restingstate EEG microstate with amputation, we collected the EEG datasets from 15 patients with lower limb amputation and 20 healthy controls. Then, we analyzed the parameters of four classical EEG microstates (A-D) between the two groups. Specifically, the parameters were statistically analyzed, including duration, occurrence rate, time coverage, and transition rate. According to the results, the duration of microstate C (t = 2.95, p = 0.005) in the lower limb amputation group was significantly smaller compared with the control group, while the occurrence rate of microstate B (t = -2.22, p = 0.03) and D (t = -3.35, p = 0.002) were significantly larger in the lower limb amputation group. In addition, the transition rate of microstate differed significantly in AC, CA, DB between the two groups. Our results implied: (1) amputation has changed the resting-state EEG microstate; (2) EEG microstate analysis can be an approach to explore the alteration of cortical function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered cortical activity in patients with lower limb amputation based on EEG microstate

Shan¹,

Wei²,

Liu³

et al. 2021

J. Integr. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Structural connectomes model the physical links between brain regions, whereas functional connectomes represent the network of functionally connected regions. These connectomes are a static representation of the brain that could change over time 4,5 . When referring to connectomes in this review, we specifically mean structural connectomes mapped with tractography.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These connectomes are a static representation of the brain that could change over time. 4,5 When referring to connectomes in this review, we specifically mean structural connectomes mapped with tractography.Generally, connectome mapping using tractography is a five-step process involving (1) dMRI acquisition, (2) segmenting the cortex into regions of interest (ROIs)-cortical parcellation, (3) diffusion/fiber orientation estimation, (4) streamline generation using tractography, and…”

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confidence: 99%

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A critical review of connectome validation studies

2021

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Diffusion MRI tractography is the most widely used macroscale method for mapping connectomes in vivo. However, tractography is prone to various errors and biases, and thus tractography-derived connectomes require careful validation. Here, we critically review studies that have developed or utilized phantoms and tracer maps to validate tractography-derived connectomes, either quantitatively or qualitatively. We identify key factors impacting connectome reconstruction accuracy, including streamline seeding, propagation and filtering methods, and consider the strengths and limitations of state-of-the-art connectome phantoms and associated validation studies. These studies demonstrate the inherent limitations of current fiber orientation models and tractography algorithms and their impact on connectome reconstruction accuracy. Reconstructing connectomes with both high sensitivity and high specificity is challenging, given that some tractography methods can generate an abundance of spurious connections, while others can overlook genuine fiber bundles.We argue that streamline filtering can minimize spurious connections and potentially improve the biological plausibility of connectomes derived from tractography. We find that algorithmic choices such as the tractography seeding methodology, angular threshold, and streamline propagation method can substantially impact connectome reconstruction accuracy. Hence, careful application of tractography is necessary to reconstruct accurate connectomes. Improvements in diffusion MRI acquisition techniques will not necessarily overcome current tractography limitations without accompanying modeling and algorithmic advances. | INTRODUCTIONDiffusion-weighted MRI (dMRI) can be used to non-invasively infer microstructural properties of the brain. Tractography is a reconstruction method based on dMRI to compute the trajectories of white matter (WM) fiber bundles. The primary objective of tractography is to reconstruct non-invasively WM fiber bundles from dMRI. More recently, tractography has been used to map the human structural connectome 1-3 i.e. a comprehensive network description of WM fiber bundles connecting pairs of gray matter (GM) regions (also referred to as structural connectivity).Structural connectomes model the physical links between brain regions, whereas functional connectomes represent the network of functionally connected regions. These connectomes are a static representation of the brain that could change over time. 4,5 When referring to connectomes in this review, we specifically mean structural connectomes mapped with tractography.Generally, connectome mapping using tractography is a five-step process involving (1) dMRI acquisition, (2) segmenting the cortex into regions of interest (ROIs)-cortical parcellation, (3) diffusion/fiber orientation estimation, (4) streamline generation using tractography, and

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New molecular insights, innovative technologies, and medical approaches in the “Exploration of mechanisms in cortical plasticity”

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

Altered cortical activity in patients with lower limb amputation based on EEG microstate

Altered cortical activity in patients with lower limb amputation based on EEG microstate

A critical review of connectome validation studies

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