New occurrences of Botryosphaeriaceae causing black root rot of cassava in Brazil

Abstract

Despite the occurrence of several diseases of cassava, the cassava black root rot (CBR) represents one of the main limiting factor for crop rentability in the world. However, the etiology of CBR is complex and it needs to be revised based on current molecular analysis. On this work, molecular and morphological studies allowed for the identification of three species of Botryosphaeriaceae causing black root rot disease of cassava in the states of Maranhão and Paraíba, Brazil, namely: Lasiodiplodia euphorbicola, Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae and Neoscytalidium hyalinum. This is the first report of these three fungal species as causal agents of CBR in the world.

Botryosphaeriaceae: Current status of genera and species

“…Type -Brazil, Colatina, Espírito Santo, collar and root rot of Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae), 2011, A. R. Machado & O. L. Pereira, (holotype VIC39109, culture ex-type CMM3609). Hosts -Carica papaya , Jatropha curcas , Manihot esculenta (Machado et al 2014b), Vitis vinifera (Correia et al 2016a). Distribution -Brazil (Machado et al 2014a, b, Netto et al 2014, Italy (Correia et al 2016a).…”

Survey of fungi associated with cassava root rot from different producing regions in Brazil

“…The species L. theobromae has been described previously in cassava in different countries, but other species are also found in cassava fields associated with CRRD, such as L. parva L. pseudotheobromae, and L. euphorbicola (Marques et al, 2013;Machado et al, 2014a;Machado et al, 2014b;Netto et al, 2014). As a consequence of the high genetic identity (> 78 %) among dif-Sci.…”

“…N. hyalinum has previously been reported in association with physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.), mango (Mangifera indica L.), and cassava in Brazil (Machado et al, 2012;Marques et al, 2013;Machado et al, 2014a;Machado et al, 2014b).…”

“…However, several species of Scytalidium are now classified under the genus Neoscytalidium, whose morphology is similar to Scytalidium but differs in the presence or absence of pycnidia and conidia between genera and belongs to different orders of Ascomycota (Crous et al, 2006;Seifert et al, 2011;Phillips et al, 2013;Machado et al, 2014a).…”

“…(P. nicotianae and P. drechsleri), Pythium scleroteichum, associated with soft rot, and Neoscytalidium hyalinum and Lasiodiplodia spp. causing black rot (Oliveira et al, 2013;Machado et al, 2014a). Knowledge of the diversity and geographical distribution of root rot pathogens may be useful to breeders targeting root rot resistance.…”