New Paleomagnetic and Chronological Constraints on the Late Triassic Position of the Eastern Qiangtang Terrane: Implications for the Closure of the Paleo‐Jinshajiang Ocean

Yu, Lianxu; Yan, Maodu; Domeier, Mathew; Guan, Chengguo; Shen, Miaomiao; Fu, Qiang; Xu, Wenxin; Xu, Zunbo; Niu, Zhichao; Yang, Liye; Shi, Ruiping; Zhang, Weilin; Zan, Jinbo; Zhang, Dawen; Li, Bingshuai

doi:10.1029/2021gl096902

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(146 reference statements)

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“…Plate acceleration within the Tethys realm is also traced in the northward journeys of the North Qiangtang terrane, India Craton, and Tethyan Himalaya terrane. High‐quality paleomagnetic results in the North Qiangtang terrane reveal that it drifted northward from 28 ± 9°S at ∼297 Ma (Song et al., 2017), to 8 ± 6°S at ∼259 Ma (Ma et al., 2019), to 6 ± 3°N at ∼251 Ma (Guan et al., 2021), to 19 ± 6°N at ∼241 Ma (Song et al., 2020), to 26 ± 8°N at ∼225 Ma (Yu et al., 2022), and to 29 ± 7°N at ∼209 Ma (Song et al., 2015), revealing a significant acceleration from ∼6 cm/yr during ∼297‐259 Ma to ∼17 cm/yr during ∼259‐241 Ma (Figures 9a and 9b; Table S7). India kept moving northward since it separated from Gondwana at ∼130 Ma (Bian et al., 2019; van Hinsbergen et al., 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, available results from the North Qiangtang terrane and Tethyan Himalaya seem to suggest that these two terranes had significant accelerations during their northward movement from Gondwana to Asia (Guan et al, 2021;van Hinsbergen et al, 2012;Ma et al, 2019;Song et al, 2015Song et al, , 2017Yu et al, 2022;Yuan et al, 2021Yuan et al, , 2022. Conrad and Lithgow-Bertelloni (2002) suggested that the gravitational pull of subducted slab is an essential driving force of plate motion, which may lead to an acceleration of the subducting plate (Sun, Liu, et al, 2018).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Jurassic Paleomagnetism of the Lhasa Terrane—Implications for Tethys Evolution and True Polar Wander

Wang

et al. 2022

JGR Solid Earth

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The drift history of the Lhasa terrane from Gondwana to Asia plays a crucial role in understanding the Tethys evolution and true polar wander (TPW). However, few reliable paleomagnetic results from Jurassic strata are currently available for reconstructing its northward journey. We performed a combined paleomagnetic and geochronological study on Bima Formation strata in the Xigaze area. Combined with previous results from the Sangri area, our results reveal a paleolatitude of 8 ± 4°S at ∼180 Ma for the reference point (29.3°N, 90.3°E). Along with other paleomagnetic results from the Triassic to Cretaceous, our new results suggest that the Lhasa terrane motion accelerated from ∼2 cm/yr during ∼220–180 Ma to ∼17 cm/yr during ∼180–170 Ma. Paleolatitude information of the North Qiangtang terrane and Tethyan Himalaya is calculated from paleopoles that meet five criteria, which include (a) structural control, (b) well‐determined rock age, (c) stepwise demagnetizations, (d) a minimum of 25 specimens or 8 sites are contained, and (e) robust field or reversal tests are provided. Both terranes also show significant acceleration during their northward motion, which may be related to oceanic slab subduction. Thus, all Gondwana‐derived microcontinents seem to share a significant acceleration during their northward motion. In addition, recent paleomagnetic results from volcanic rocks dated at ∼155 Ma subdivide the overall northward motion during ∼170–130 Ma into two stages, which include a southward drift during ∼170–155 Ma followed by northward motion during ∼155–130 Ma. These results support the fast Late Jurassic TPW during a ∼10 Myr time span.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Jurassic Paleomagnetism of the Lhasa Terrane—Implications for Tethys Evolution and True Polar Wander

Wang

et al. 2022

JGR Solid Earth

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“…We collected all the available post Carboniferous paleopoles of the EQT and filled with the quality criteria (Van der Voo, 1990;Meert et al, 2020), as shown in Figure 11 and Table 2. Paleopoles are relatively concordant at each period, such as during the Permian (Song et al, 2017;Ma et al, 2019;Guan et al, 2021), the Triassic (Song et al, 2015(Song et al, , 2020Yu et al, 2022), the Jurassic (Cheng et al, 2012;Yan et al, 2016), and the Cretaceous (Huang et al, 1992;Tong et al, 2015;Meng et al, 2018), except that the Cenozoic poles are rather scattered (Figure 11), which are likely due to widespread local rotations during the Lhasa-Qiangtang terrane and India-Eurasia collisions (Tong et al, 2015;Chen et al, 2017) 2011) and the present day pole (Figure 11; Table 2), while given that the remagnetization time of the Middle-Upper Jurassic limestone was proposed to be Eocene in the adjacent area of only ~8 km away (Figure 1B) (Fu et al, 2021). Hence, both of the two strata likely had experienced similar Eocene remagnetizations.…”

Section: Timing and Mechanism Of Remagnetizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The QT, one of the major terranes in the central Tibetan Plateau (Figure 1A), is further divided into the eastern Qiangtang and western Qiangtang (alternatively called the "North Qiangtang terrane" and "southern Qiangtang terrane" in the literature, respectively) terrane by the so-called Longmo Co-Shuanghu suture zone (Figure 1A) (e.g., BGMRXAR, 1993;Yin and Harrison, 2000;Pan et al, 2004;Li et al, 2009;Zhu et al, 2013). Given that the EQT is immediately south of the Jinshajiang suture zone (Figure 1A), its drift history is important to understand the evolution and closure of the Paleo-Tethys Jinshajiang Ocean (Guan et al, 2021;Yu et al, 2022), as well as the tectonic history of the "Proto-Tibet".…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remagnetization of Carboniferous Limestone in the Zaduo Area, Eastern Qiangtang Terrane, and Its Tectonic Implications

Yan

Guan

et al. 2022

Front. Earth Sci.

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Robust paleomagnetic results through geological time are one of the keys to understand the drift history of the eastern Qiangtang terrane (EQT). Here, we presented comprehensive petrographic observations and rock magnetic and paleomagnetic analyses of the early Carboniferous Upper Zaduo (ZD) limestone Formation (C1z2) from the Sulucun (SLC) section in the Zaduo area, EQT, to investigate its magnetic originality and geological significance. A total of 12 sites (131 samples) were collected. Photomicrograph observations indicate that the limestone samples were characterized by widespread carbonate veinlets. Electron microprobe and energy dispersive spectrometry analyses confirm that authigenic magnetite formed after pyrite. Rock magnetic analyses reveal the dominant magnetic minerals of pyrite and magnetite, with ‘wasp-waisted’ hysteresis loops and close to the “remagnetization trend” hysteresis parameters. Based on both thermal and alternating field demagnetizations, the characteristic remanent magnetization directions for most samples were isolated: Dg = 6.3°, Ig = 50.1°, kg = 54.9, α95 = 6.2° in-situ, and Ds = 330.2°, Is = 58.9°, ks = 5.9, and α95 = 20.5° after 2-step tilt correction. The κ (α95) value decreases (increases) after tilt-correction, and the ChRM directions failed both the McFadden (1990), Watson and Enkin (1993) fold tests, indicating post-folding magnetizations. The 11 site-mean directions yield a mean in-situ paleopole of 84.4°N, 200.3°E, and A95 = 6.8°, which is coincident with the post ∼53 Myr (especially around 40 Ma) paleopoles of the region. We therefore interpreted that these early Carboniferous limestone samples contain remagnetized magnetizations and that they were obtained after 53 Ma, most likely around 40 Ma, due to the far-field effect of the India–Eurasia collision.

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“…The water salinity in the lacustrine system during the deposition of the Gongjue Formation is consistent with the occurrence of gypsum in this stratum (Figure e,f). The brackish to saline water mass in the paleolake during deposition of the Gongjue Formation intensely evaporated during the late stage of the Qamdo Basin evolution, representing a shrinkage stage of this lacustrine system, which might have resulted from collision between the Tibetan and Indian plates. − …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Paleogene Fine-Grained Clastic Rock Deposits in the South Qiangtang Basin to Environments and Thermal Events on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Zhang

Zheng³

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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The Chamdo Basin is a secondary basin in the eastern part of Tibet China and is one of the most promising of petroliferous basins for new petroleum exploration. The Qamdo Basin records a complex burial history from the Mesozoic to the Cenozoic; however, the poorly constrained sedimentology of Cenozoic strata in this basin has severely obscured the overall profile and impeded further explorations of oil and gas resources. Here, we conduct whole-rock geochemical analyses of major, trace, and rare earth elements in fine-grained clastic rocks of the Paleocene Gongjue Formation, Qamdo Basin to reveal depositional environments, provenance, and tectonic setting. Petrologically, the Gongjue Formation is dominated by red fine-grained sandy mudstones/siltstones with ripple marks. The high values of the chemical index of alteration (avg. of 78.93), chemical index of weathering (avg. of 90.10), and index of compositional variability (avg. of 2.5) suggest that the basin has undergone heavy weathering. Cross-plots of La vs Th, Th vs Sc vs Zr/10, and Th vs Co vs Zr/10 reveal a continental arc tectonic setting. Paleosalinity (Sr/Ba), paleoclimate (Sr/Cu), and redox proxies (V/Cr, U/Th, and enrichment factors of Mo and U) indicate brackish to saline and oxidizing paleowater masses during deposition of the Gongjue Formation. Provenance analyses via elements and petrology reveal that sediments in the Gongjue Formation are mainly derived from intermediate–acidic rocks of the upper crust. We conclude that the first and third members are more arid climate and heavily chemically weathered than the second member. In combination with previous studies of the structural evolution of the Qamdo Basin since the Paleogene, a model is built to describe the sedimentary environment and evolution of the Qamdo Basin during transition to the Paleocene. The first and third members, i.e., the Eg1 and Eg3 members of the Gongjue Formation, are dominated by an oxidizing environment of seawater-saltwater, and the climate ranges from warm and humid to arid and hot, with relatively stable environmental changes. The Eg2 member of the Gongjue Formation is dominated by an oxidizing environment of seawater-saltwater, and the climate ranges from warm and humid to arid and hot, with more frequent environmental evolution. Our model aids in better understanding of the Paleocene climate evolution of the eastern Tibetan Plateau.

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New Paleomagnetic and Chronological Constraints on the Late Triassic Position of the Eastern Qiangtang Terrane: Implications for the Closure of the Paleo‐Jinshajiang Ocean

Cited by 26 publications

References 65 publications

Jurassic Paleomagnetism of the Lhasa Terrane—Implications for Tethys Evolution and True Polar Wander

Jurassic Paleomagnetism of the Lhasa Terrane—Implications for Tethys Evolution and True Polar Wander

Remagnetization of Carboniferous Limestone in the Zaduo Area, Eastern Qiangtang Terrane, and Its Tectonic Implications

Response of Paleogene Fine-Grained Clastic Rock Deposits in the South Qiangtang Basin to Environments and Thermal Events on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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