New Paradigms in the Pathogenesis of Otitis Media in Children

Coticchia, James M.; Chen, Michael; Sachdeva, Livjot; Mutchnick, Sean

doi:10.3389/fped.2013.00052

Cited by 57 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…Globally, 28,000 deaths per year due to complications of CSOM have been reported (2). There is an enormous financial burden (around $5 billion per annum in the United States) associated with otitis media and its sequelae, including chronic suppurative otitis media (8,9).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…CSOM often begins as an acute infection of the middle ear, acute otitis media (AOM), which occurs in up to 80% of children by the age of 3 (8,10). While most cases resolve spontaneously, a small minority of patients progress to a chronic phase characterized by chronic purulent ear discharge through a perforated tympanic membrane with associated inflammation of the mastoid and middle ear mucosa and hearing loss.…”

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Molecular Microbiological Profile of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media

et al. 2016

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bChronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) presents with purulent otorrhea (ear discharge), is characterized by chronic inflammation of the middle ear and mastoid cavity, and contributes to a significant disease burden worldwide. Current antibiotic therapy is guided by swab culture results. In the absence of detailed molecular microbiology studies of CSOM patients, our current understanding of the microbiota of CSOM (and indeed of the healthy ear) remains incomplete. In this prospective study, 24 patients with CSOM were recruited, along with 22 healthy controls. Culture-based techniques and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing were used to profile the bacterial community for each patient. Comparisons between patients with and without cholesteatoma in the middle ear and mastoid cavity were also made. A major finding was that the middle ear of many healthy controls was not sterile, which is contradictory to the results of previous studies. However, sequencing data showed that Staphylococcus aureus, along with a range of other Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, were present in all subgroups of CSOM and healthy controls. Large interpatient variability in the microbiota was observed within each subgroup of CSOM and controls, and there was no bacterial community "signature" which was characteristic of either health or disease. Comparisons of the culture results with the molecular data show that culture-based techniques underestimate the diversity of bacteria found within the ear. This study reports the first detailed examination of bacterial profiles of the ear in healthy controls and patients with CSOM.

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Molecular Microbiological Profile of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media

et al. 2016

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“…Назофарингеальная колонизация патогенными воз-будителями, в первую очередь пневмококком, признает-ся основным этапом патогенеза острого среднего отита (ОСО) у детей раннего возраста [20]. Существует связь между колонизацией носоглотки определенным серо-типом пневмококка и его склонностью вызывать ОСО.…”

Section: характеристика возбудителяunclassified

“…Установлено, что носительство пневмококка способ-ствует колонизации других видов бактерий на слизистой оболочке носоглотки и обнаруживается уже в возрасте 6-36 мес жизни [19,77]. Первый эпизод ОСО чаще все-го имеет пневмококковую этиологию, и в дальнейшем запускает череду рецидивов заболевания, вызванных другими патогенами [19,20,77]. В частности, частота ОСО пневмококковой этиологии достигает максимума в возрасте 12 мес жизни, тогда как ОСО, вызванный нетипируемой гемофильной палочкой (NTHi), развива-ется значимо позже -в возрасте 20 мес [20].…”

Section: выбор пневмококковой конъюгированной вакцины для универсальнunclassified

Theoretical Background and Real Results: A Data Review on Vaccine Prevention of Pneumococcal Infection in the World

et al. 2018

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“…4,5 While most cases resolve spontaneously, a small minority of patients progress to a chronic phase characterised by chronic purulent ear discharge through a perforated tympanic membrane with associated inflammation of the mastoid and middle ear mucosa and hearing loss. CSOM can occur with or without cholesteatoma (epithelial inclusion cyst).…”

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Microbiological Profile of Ear Discharge in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media

Das¹,

Basumatari²

2017

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BACKGROUNDChronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is defined as the inflammation of the mucous membrane of the middle ear cleft which includes the middle ear cavity, mastoid antrum, the mastoid air cells and the Eustachian tube. Complex interactions between the environment, microbes, and host are thought to lead to the development of this multifactorial disease. Understanding of the microbiology of chronic otitis media is important for efficient and effective treatment, and prevention of complications and antibiotic resistance. Thus, the study was conducted with the aim to determine the bacteriological agents implicated in discharging ears of the patients of CSOM and to determine the associated clinco-epidemiological factors among the patients of CSOM. MATERIALS AND METHODSThis hospital-based descriptive study was conducted in 100 patients attending the ENT OPD in Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed Medical College, Barpeta, Assam from July 2016 to June 2017. Detailed clinical history and demographic data were collected and analysed. Ear discharge was collected and microbiological profile was evaluated. RESULTSOne hundred patients after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were chosen for the study. 31-40 years age group was most commonly involved with male preponderance. Microbiological analysis of ear discharge showed that Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 76% and Gram-positive bacteria were found in 34% cases. Gram-negative bacteria included Pseudomonas aeruginosa 24%, Klebsiella spp. 19%, Proteus spp. 12% and Escherichia coli 10%. The Gram-positive aerobes identified included Staphylococcus spp. 15%. The most common anaerobes identified were Bacteroides spp. in 1%, Peptostreptococcus spp. in 1% cases. Fungal growth was seen in 5% cases. Diphtheroids were seen in 3% cases. CONCLUSIONContinuous and periodic evaluation of microbiological pattern and antibiotic sensitivity of isolates is necessary to decrease the potential risk of complications by early institution of appropriate treatment. Our study emphasised the need of proper identification of microbiological profile of the cases of CSOM in order to facilitate early institution of proper treatment.

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New Paradigms in the Pathogenesis of Otitis Media in Children

Cited by 57 publications

References 111 publications

Molecular Microbiological Profile of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media

Molecular Microbiological Profile of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media

Theoretical Background and Real Results: A Data Review on Vaccine Prevention of Pneumococcal Infection in the World

Microbiological Profile of Ear Discharge in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media

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