2016

DOI: 10.30766/2072-9081.2016.53.4.10-14

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New pesticides and agro-chemicals in technology of cultivation of naked oat Vyatsky

Т. К. Шешегова

¹

,

Г. А. Баталова

²

,

Л. М. Щеклеина

³

et al.

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“…One of the main ways to protect the seed from various diseases, such as root rot, mold, septoria, snow mold, from smut diseases and sclerotia, is dressing. Simultaneously with the use of treating agents of a wide spectrum of action for the treatment of seeds, it is recommended to use plant growth regulators and microelements, which at appropriate doses for certain crops stimulate the development of plants and increase their productivity [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A semidry method involves etching with liquid pesticides used at a low rate of consumption of drugs with and without water. Wet dressing is carried out mainly by watering or soaking the seed with dilute aqueous solutions or a suspension of wettable powders [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Determination of the minimum drop height of the spherical grains in the solution of the treater

¹

,

²

,

³

et al. 2020

E3S Web Conf.

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One of the main reserves for increasing grain production is the use for sowing high-quality seeds, purified from impurities and pathogens. One of the main ways to protect the seed from various diseases is dressing. The most effective way to protect seeds from disease is wet dressing with the simultaneous release of grain impurities. To develop a device for cleaning and dressing seeds by density using a wet method, an estimate was made of the minimum height of the fall of the grain needed to overcome the surface tension of the liquid. As objects of research, pea seeds were used, having a shape close to a spherical. Therefore, a spherical grains with a density ρz = (1.15-1.45)·103 kg/m3 and a diameter of 2rz = (3.5-10.9)·10-3 m was taken as a model of pea seed. We study the fall of individual spherical grains with minimal (2rzmin = 3.5·10-3 m) and maximum (2rzmax. = 10.9·10-3 m)) linear dimensions that have a density ρz = 1.15; 1.25; 1.35 and 1.45·103 kg/m3. Drop occurs on the surface of the water (ρzh = 1.0·103 kg/m3) and the aqueous solution of the etchant (ρzh = 1.03; 1.06; 1.09; 1.12 and 1.15·103 kg/m3), with Corresponding coefficients σ of surface tension (0.0727; 0.0755; 0.0771; 0.0786; 0.0801, 0.0816 N/m) and hydrodynamic drag coefficients c = 0.4 (0.5 for ρzh = 1.12·103 and 1.15·103 kg/m3). The process of dressing grain is considered at a temperature of 20 °C. It was established that the minimum drop height h to overcome the surface tension of the dressing solution with all spherical grains should be 15.5·10-3 m.

“…One of the main ways to protect the seed from various diseases, such as root rot, mold, septoria, snow mold, from smut diseases and sclerotia, is dressing. Simultaneously with the use of treating agents of a wide spectrum of action for the treatment of seeds, it is recommended to use plant growth regulators and microelements, which at appropriate doses for certain crops stimulate the development of plants and increase their productivity [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A semidry method involves etching with liquid pesticides used at a low rate of consumption of drugs with and without water. Wet dressing is carried out mainly by watering or soaking the seed with dilute aqueous solutions or a suspension of wettable powders [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the minimum drop height of the spherical grains in the solution of the treater

¹

,

²

,

³

et al. 2020

E3S Web Conf.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One of the main reserves for increasing grain production is the use for sowing high-quality seeds, purified from impurities and pathogens. One of the main ways to protect the seed from various diseases is dressing. The most effective way to protect seeds from disease is wet dressing with the simultaneous release of grain impurities. To develop a device for cleaning and dressing seeds by density using a wet method, an estimate was made of the minimum height of the fall of the grain needed to overcome the surface tension of the liquid. As objects of research, pea seeds were used, having a shape close to a spherical. Therefore, a spherical grains with a density ρz = (1.15-1.45)·103 kg/m3 and a diameter of 2rz = (3.5-10.9)·10-3 m was taken as a model of pea seed. We study the fall of individual spherical grains with minimal (2rzmin = 3.5·10-3 m) and maximum (2rzmax. = 10.9·10-3 m)) linear dimensions that have a density ρz = 1.15; 1.25; 1.35 and 1.45·103 kg/m3. Drop occurs on the surface of the water (ρzh = 1.0·103 kg/m3) and the aqueous solution of the etchant (ρzh = 1.03; 1.06; 1.09; 1.12 and 1.15·103 kg/m3), with Corresponding coefficients σ of surface tension (0.0727; 0.0755; 0.0771; 0.0786; 0.0801, 0.0816 N/m) and hydrodynamic drag coefficients c = 0.4 (0.5 for ρzh = 1.12·103 and 1.15·103 kg/m3). The process of dressing grain is considered at a temperature of 20 °C. It was established that the minimum drop height h to overcome the surface tension of the dressing solution with all spherical grains should be 15.5·10-3 m.

Distribution of the relative frequency of immersion of pea grains in the liquid depending from the height of transportation

¹

,

²

,

³

et al. 2020

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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One of the main ways to protect seed material from various diseases is treatment with chemicals. The most effective way to protect seeds from various diseases is wet etching with the simultaneous release of grain impurities. To develop a device for cleaning and etching seeds by wet density, studies were conducted to determine the minimum height of the loading hopper relative to the surface of the water solution of the etcher when transporting spherical grains to it in order to ensure that the surface tension forces are overcome. Practical experiments were conducted on throwing single grains of peas of the Vita variety (spherical grain) with a humidity of 14% into a liquid with a density of ρzh = 1000, 1090 and 1150 kg/m3. Sodium chloride salt (NaCl) was used to change the density liquid. To obtain more reliable information, the experiments were carried out in three-fold repetition. The temperature of the surrounding air and liquid of different densities ρzh was 20°C. It is established that when single pea grains fall 100%, the immersion in water (ρzh = 1000 kg/m3) occurs at a transport height h of at least 12.0·10−3 m. In the case of 100% immersion of pea grains in an aqueous solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) with a density of ρzh = 1090 and 1150 kg/m3, the minimum transport height h is 15.0·10−3 and 18.0·10−3 m, respectively.

Resistance of samples of naked oats to stem rust

Исачкова

¹

,

²

2020

Sib. vestn. s-h. nauki

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The results of studying the resistance of samples of naked oats from the world collection of the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources and varieties of local breeding work to stem rust lesion are presented. The study was carried out in 20172019 in a field experiment in natural conditions in Kemerovo region. The influence of meteorological factors during the vegetation period of naked oat plants on the degree of disease damage was noted: more intense lesion was observed in years with low air temperatures and excessive moisture supply during the period of seedling-ear formation and a large amount of precipitation during the period of filling and maturation of grain. The results of phytopathological analysis of 50 collection samples of naked oats revealed that mid-late samples are more affected by stem rust (74.9% on average for the group). The study (n = 50) revealed the effect of stem rust lesion on the resistance to lodging of crops (r = –0.5751 at R = 0.273), grain size (r = –0.7737 at R = 0.273), and yield of naked oat samples (r = –0.9387 at R = 0.273). Naked oats are highly susceptible to pathogen lesion, 84% of the samples showed very low resistance with a damage index of more than 65.1%. Samples with a low damage degree were identified, characterized by high yield rates, 1000 grain weight, resistance to lodging and smut fungi, and a low level of segregation of hulled grains: Pennline 9010 (USA), Numbat (Australia), Progress (Omsk region), Gehl (Canada), Piband (Leningrad region), g/o-327-1/16, g/o-441-1/17, g/o-444-7/17 (Kemerovo region).

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