New Pharmacological Approaches in the Treatment of Oncological Diseases

Abstract

Malignant diseases are significant and growing health problem in almost all countries of the world. Besides the results achieved in reduction of morbidity and mortality in individual countries, significant progress of science and practice of oncology medicine and the application of new methods of diagnosis and treatment, cancer remains the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular diseases. The past decade has seen breakthroughs in personalized cancer medicine, where new targeted therapies are being developed which inhibit cellular proliferation and survival in tumors with certain specific oncogenic mutations. These new treatment approaches have shown progress in the understanding of the origin and pathogenesis of tumors, and offer hope for a good outcome of neoplastic diseases. In this review the idea is to present up-to-date report on these new molecular mechanisms and to identify their advantages and disadvantages from the pharmacological point of view.

A review of cancer immunotherapy: immune checkpoint inhibitors

“…Имунни-те контролни точки обаче понякога се използват от туморите за потискане на имунните отговори и осигуряване на туморния растеж и развитие. Имунните чекпойнт инхибитори са лекарства, които нарушават коинхибиторните сигнални пътища и стимулират антитуморните имунни отговори, с цел да бъдат елиминирани раковите клетки (1,3,11).…”

Clinical And Cost Efficacy Of Immunotherapy As A First Line Of Treatment Of Nonsquamous Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

“…РЕМ е Fc-модифицирано IgG4 хуманизирано моноклонално антитяло, което се свързва към PD-1 и блокира неговото взаимодействие с PD-L1 и PD-L2. По този начин РЕМ потенцира Т-клетъчните отговори, включително антитуморните отговори (7,8).…”