New Prospects of Urginea Maritima (L. Backer): Efficient Proliferation Inhibition and Induced Intrinsic Apoptosis Pathway Against Human Leukaemia Hl-60 Cell Line

Abstract

Natural products with their great structural diversity have offered major opportunities for identifying of new drugs against numerous of diseases, including malignant diseases. Leukaemia is a malignant disease that originates from a multistage process of accrual genetic alterations. These alterations destroy the slight sense of balance between cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Conventionally, the chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and transplantation techniques are the major treatments for leukaemia diseases. However, these traditional approaches have drawbacks. Therefore, the identification of new effective therapeutic agents against leukaemia is an important topic. U. maritima is classified as an herb under Liliaceae family. It is renowned in traditional ethno pharmacological applications. Notwithstanding, there is a lack of evidence pertaining to the bioactivities of U. maritima to human leukaemia diseases. Therefore, the current study sought to investigate the potential proliferation inhibition and apoptotic inducing effects of U. maritima against HL-60 leukaemia cell. Through the utilization of several in vitro techniques, the present work revealed that the main phytochemical constituents of U. maritima reduced the proliferation of leukaemia HL-60 cells in a time and-dose dependent manner. Additionally, the rate of apoptosis efficiently induced as evidenced by Annexin-V/PI staining and analysis conducted by flow cytometry. Moreover, the data illustrate induced apoptosis mechanism, through intrinsic/ mitochondria apoptosis. The obtained finding provided in vitro for the first time that U. maritima could be an effective to control proliferation of the tumorigenic cells. Further, the data elucidate the probability afforded an interesting basis of this natural product as promising candidates for anti-leukemia curative applications.