New test method for gas boosters with domestic solar water heaters

Performance of gas tankless (instantaneous) water heaters under various international standards

“…Bourke and Bansal proposed a test method [52] based on an airsourced electric heat pump test standard [53,54] which results in a characteristic equation to describe the steady state performance of GTWHs when subjected to a range of flow rates and incoming water temperatures. This test is intended only for steady-state operation and as such does not include methods for calculating start-up or stand-by energy consumption.…”

The calibration and validation of a model for predicting the performance of gas-fired tankless water heaters in domestic hot water applications

“…It is a significant departure from the model introduced by Burch et al [12] but is necessary to allow for an analytical solution to the governing differential equation shown in Eq. (6).…”

Potential Performance Enhancement of a Solar Combisystem with an Intelligent Controller

“…Mechanical design measures to improve the thermal stratification are dealt with in [9]. Further research on efficiency improvements for combined systems with different mechanical design has been conducted by [10,11]. In addition to the introduced measures towards an optimal system it must be mentioned that the guarantee of ST yields comparable to simulation results and practical design in accordance with existing quality standards are still a challenge, especially for small and intermediate plants without monitoring; see [12][13][14][15].…”