The arrival of the era of “big wisdom and cloud” has promoted the restructuring of the industrial system, and the development of the new economy has also brought new changes to the demand for financial and business professionals. With the change of the employment market, the training objectives of financial and business professionals are also changing day by day. Practical teaching is becoming more and more important in the training of financial and business professionals. “Employment” in people’s livelihood has been identified as the main goal of government work. As the main source of economic restructuring, “mass innovation and mass entrepreneurship” has successfully integrated the spirit of innovation into all fields of society. Entrepreneurship has attracted the attention of the whole society. Under the influence of policy factors and various factors during the entrepreneurship period, the source and connotation of China’s entrepreneurship policy have changed significantly. On the basis of summarizing the practical teaching modes of foreign finance and economics majors, this study introduces the training objectives, conditions, and curriculum settings of the practical teaching of finance and economics majors in higher vocational colleges. This paper designs a recommendation algorithm for innovation and entrepreneurship talent training model based on potential Dirichlet distribution (LDA) theme model and alternating least squares (ALS) collaborative filtering, which not only improves the accuracy of the recommendation results of talent training model but also improves the accuracy of the recommendation results of talent training model. On the premise of stable recommendation, the diversity of recommendation results has increased, which meets the needs of innovative and entrepreneurial talent training of higher vocational finance and economics majors under the background of “great wisdom and cloud” and provides a certain reference for the practical teaching reform of higher vocational finance and economics majors in China. The cultivation of compound talents is of great significance to the development of professionals in modern multimedia and advanced e-commerce industries.