“…In this study, all reagents, materials, and chemicals were analytical grade and highest purity, including human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell lines (SCSP-5014, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China); Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM, 11965092), Neurobasal (21103049), B27 (17504044), fetal bovine serum (FBS), glutamax (35050061), trypsin-EDTA (25300062) and sodium pyruvate (11360070; Gibco Invitrogen, MA, USA); APα (3653) and Bic (485494; Tocris, USA); Nifedipine (ab120135, Abcam, Burlingame, CA, USA); RA (R2500) and 6-OHDA (H4381; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MI, USA); penicillin and streptomycin (Solarbio, Beijing, China); bovine serum albumin (BSA) and BrdU (Bio-Sharp, China); DMSO (ST038), EGTA (ST068), phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (PMSF, ST506), TritonX-100, cytosolic and nuclear extraction kit (P0028; Beyotime, China). The concentration of key chemicals was chosen according to the relevant references (Liu et al, 2002;Miloso et al, 2004;Wang et al, , 2010Gilany et al, 2008;Wang and Brinton, 2008;Fernandes et al, 2017;Xie et al, 2017;Taleb et al, 2018). All experiments should comply with the standard biosecurity and safety procedures from the ethical committee of Wenzhou Medical University according to the National Institute of Health Guide for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (NIH Publications No.…”