Newspaper coverage of artificial intelligence: A perspective of emerging technologies

Sun, Shaojing; Zhai, Yujia; Shen, Bin; Chen, Yibei

doi:10.1016/j.tele.2020.101433

Cited by 49 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In the coming months, only a handful of nations, mainly the most technologically advanced countries such as China, United Arab Emirates, France and Germany drafted their national AI strategies. The vast majority of national initiatives came in between 2018 and 2020, with the rise in academic (Perrault et al, 2019) and newspaper (Sun et al, 2020) articles tackling AI-related challenges and opportunities.…”

Section: Governance Of Sustainable Artificial Intelligencementioning

confidence: 99%

Is the future of AI sustainable? A case study of the European Union

Perucica

Andjelković

2022

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to raise awareness on the need for a more comprehensive approach on the interdependence between artificial intelligence (AI) and environmental sustainability. It provides an overview of existing sustainable AI policy initiatives at the national and regional level. More precisely, it discusses whether existing European Union (EU) environmental policies are suitable for the AI era or whether new regulations are needed in this field. Finally, this paper assesses cross-fertilisation opportunities between the EU and non-EU countries. Design/methodology/approach This study is based on a qualitative analysis of sustainable applications of AI and the sustainability of AI. Emphasis is laid on the latter, and a “sustainable by design” approach is proposed, which in essence is a prerequisite for transparent, responsible and human-centred AI systems. The analysis primarily focuses on environmental sustainability. Findings The majority of studies focus on how to use AI to protect the environment with very little attention paid to sustainable design of AI. On the other hand, the EU’s comprehensive approach towards sustainable AI is closest to promoting “sustainable by design” AI. Several ways have been identified in which the EU’s actions can be translated beyond its borders. Research limitations/implications One of the largest limitations of this study is its moderate scope. This paper is confined to the EU and as such provides a limited assessment of global policies and measures on the interplay between sustainability and AI. Consequently, the paper did not provide an in-depth analysis of environmental policies worldwide that could help provide a better picture of possible cooperation areas or common grounds. Another limitation of this study is that it primarily focuses on environmental aspects and as such accords little attention to the economic and social pillars of sustainability. Social implications With less than 10 years to go before reaching the sustainable development goal deadline, this study can help stakeholders better understand what is being done worldwide in terms of sustainable AI. Moreover, given that the technology is still in its early phase, this study can inspire a “sustainable by design” approach to the development of AI technologies. Originality/value All national AI strategies published by 1 June 2021 were analysed to identify whether and to what extent they prioritise the interplay between environment and AI. Furthermore, the authors also looked at the EU policy and how it aims to address AI from a sustainable perspective.

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Section: Governance Of Sustainable Artificial Intelligencementioning

confidence: 99%

Is the future of AI sustainable? A case study of the European Union

Perucica

Andjelković

2022

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“…In recent years, a considerable amount of research has focused on the analysis of news reporting on AI (Brennen, Howard, & Nielsen, 2018;Chuan, Tsai, & Cho, 2019;Fast & Horvitz, 2017;Fischer & Puschmann, 2021;Ouchchy, Coin, & Dubljević, 2020;Sun, Zhai, Shen, & Chen, 2020;Vergeer, 2020;Zeng, Chan, & Schäfer, 2020). According to the studies of Fast and Horvitz (2017), Sun et al (2020) and Chuan et al (2019) for the US, Fischer and Puschmann (2021) for the German and Vergeer (2020) for the Dutch press, media reporting about AI sharply increased in recent years, leading to a steady presence of AI in news reporting. Thereby, several studies pointed out that media reporting about AI was more frequent by right-leaning, respectively conservative outlets (Brennen et al, 2018;Fischer & Puschmann, 2021).…”

Section: Published Opinion On Aimentioning

confidence: 99%

Ever heard of ethical AI? Investigating the salience of ethical AI issues among the German population

Kieslich¹,

Lünich²,

Dosenovic³

2022

Preprint

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Building and implementing ethical AI systems that benefit the whole society is cost-intensive and a multi-faceted task fraught with potential problems. While computer science focuses mostly on the technical questions to mitigate social issues, social science addresses citizens' perceptions to elucidate social and political demands that influence the societal implementation of AI systems. Thus, in this study, we explore the salience of AI issues in the public with an emphasis on ethical criteria to investigate whether it is likely that ethical AI is actively requested by the population. Between May 2020 and April 2021, we conducted 15 surveys asking the German population about the most important AI-related issues (total of N=14,988 respondents). Our results show that the majority of respondents were not concerned with AI at all. However, it can be seen that general interest in AI and a higher educational level are predictive of some engagement with AI. Among those, who reported having thought about AI, specific applications (e.g., autonomous driving) were by far the most mentioned topics. Ethical issues are voiced only by a small subset of citizens with fairness, accountability, and transparency being the least mentioned ones. These have been identified in several ethical guidelines (including the EU Commission's proposal) as key elements for the development of ethical AI. The salience of ethical issues affects the behavioral intentions of citizens in the way that they 1) tend to avoid AI technology and 2) engage in public discussions about AI. We conclude that the low level of ethical implications may pose a serious problem for the actual implementation of ethical AI for the Common Good and emphasize that those who are presumably most affected by ethical issues of AI are especially unaware of ethical risks. Yet, once ethical AI is top of the mind, there is some potential for activism.

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“…Progress frames elevate AI as an indicator or driver of social advancement ( Obozintsev, 2018 ) or as a developmental endgame ( Baum, 2017 ). Threat frames signal AI is dangerous ( Baum, 2017 ): actually being or potentially becoming malevolent ( Sun et al, 2020 ) or fostering undesired outcomes (e.g., risking privacy; Ouchchy et al, 2020 ). Some frames emphasize relative humanness, accentuating whether machine agents look or function as do humans: variably (dis)similar to humans in mental and emotional capacities ( Curran et al, 2020 ) or becoming super, true, or real in their intelligence ( Sun et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each of these cognitive dimensions carries affective attributes. Some are positive (euphoria, economic optimism, and government support), some are negative (pessimism, political critique, and apocalyptic), and some are neutral or relativistic (pragmatism and international competitiveness; Sun et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Framing Effects on Judgments of Social Robots’ (Im)Moral Behaviors

Banks

Koban

2021

Front. Robot. AI

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Frames—discursive structures that make dimensions of a situation more or less salient—are understood to influence how people understand novel technologies. As technological agents are increasingly integrated into society, it becomes important to discover how native understandings (i.e., individual frames) of social robots are associated with how they are characterized by media, technology developers, and even the agents themselves (i.e., produced frames). Moreover, these individual and produced frames may influence the ways in which people see social robots as legitimate and trustworthy agents—especially in the face of (im)moral behavior. This three-study investigation begins to address this knowledge gap by 1) identifying individually held frames for explaining an android’s (im)moral behavior, and experimentally testing how produced frames prime judgments about an android’s morally ambiguous behavior in 2) mediated representations and 3) face-to-face exposures. Results indicate that people rely on discernible ground rules to explain social robot behaviors; these frames induced only limited effects on responsibility judgments of that robot’s morally ambiguous behavior. Evidence also suggests that technophobia-induced reactance may move people to reject a produced frame in favor of a divergent individual frame.

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Newspaper coverage of artificial intelligence: A perspective of emerging technologies

Cited by 49 publications

References 16 publications

Is the future of AI sustainable? A case study of the European Union

Is the future of AI sustainable? A case study of the European Union

Ever heard of ethical AI? Investigating the salience of ethical AI issues among the German population

Framing Effects on Judgments of Social Robots’ (Im)Moral Behaviors

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