Newts: Sun-Compass Orientation

Landreth, Hobart F.; Ferguson, Denzel E.

doi:10.1126/science.158.3807.1459

Cited by 60 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The faithful return of adults to the same pond breeding season after breeding season is reminiscent of the homing behavior of the western red-bellied newt, Tarcih( ri'ularis, reported by Twitty (1959Twitty ( , 1961Twitty ( , 1966Twitty et al 1964) and Landreth and Ferguson (1967). Bennett (1970) demonstrated by experimental transplantation that adult red-spotted newts will return quickly to particular spots near shore when displaced to the middle or opposite end of a large lake.…”

Section: Contrary To the Reports Of Bennett (1970) Bishop (1941) Brmentioning

confidence: 91%

The Metapopulation Ecology of the Red‐Spotted Newt, Notophthalmus viridescens (Rafinesque)

Gill¹

1978

Ecological Monographs

367

257

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. Ecological Society of America is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Ecological Monographs.Abstract. The population dynamics and ecology of the red-spotted newt were studied from 1974 to the present in a series of mountain ponds in the Shenandoah Mountains, Virginia. Adult and juvenile newts were censused using a combination of methods, including drift fences and dip-netting. A technique of individual recognition was developed utilizing the number and pattern of dorsal red spots. Assisted by a simple system of toeclips, designating pond and year of first capture, these methods provided records of age, survival, and movements of >8,500 individuals.The results revealed 2 migratory peaks of adults each year: a breeding migration to ponds in March, and an August-September emigration to terrestrial hibernacula. Breeding population size, ranging from 6 to >2,600 adults per pond was stationary during the study but was significantly correlated with pond age. Annual turnover of breeding populations to new adults exceeded 50%. Sex ratios were consistently 2 6 6: I 9 in the breeding populations but tended toward 1:1 in the cohorts of new recruits. Annual adult 9 survival was density dependent and significantly less than that of 6 6 . The average 9 expected to breed only 1.3 times, whereas 6 6 had an expectancy of 1.9 breeding seasons. Faithfully homing to the same pond year after year, adults never migrated to new ponds between breeding seasons.Juvenile production at most ponds was poor over the 3 yr. Only I pond had a reproductive output consistently above a calculated replacement rate. It is inferred from the combination of poor reproduction and high immigration rates that breeding adults were not replaced by their own progeny but rather by foreign-born individuals.The red-spotted newt is basically a colonizing species responding to pond habitats that rapidly shift in time and space. It is suggested that beaver ponds have the necessary attributes of small size and temporal instability to which the life-history patterns of newts seems adapted. The majority of ponds in this area functioned as reproductive sinks in a larger, metapopulational structure. Adults in such ponds were reproductive failures for most of their lives. Only a small number of adults accounted for the regional reproduction in 1974 and 1975, but I very populous pond produced >91% of the young in 1976. Because reproductive success is pond dependent, interdemal selection may play an important role in newt evolution. It is hypothesized that homing behavior evolved as a consequence of natural selection within metapopulation centers and that the eft stage is the mechanism of dispersability to new...

show abstract

Section: Contrary To the Reports Of Bennett (1970) Bishop (1941) Brmentioning

confidence: 91%

The Metapopulation Ecology of the Red‐Spotted Newt, Notophthalmus viridescens (Rafinesque)

Gill¹

1978

Ecological Monographs

367

257

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Wiltschko et al (1978) reported that young homing pigeons seem to be dependent on route-based information. Landreth and Ferguson (1967) found an influence of the direction of the first leg in adult newts (Taricha granulosa) exposed to the sky during displacement. John Phillips has suggested to me that young alligators may need to rely on routebased guidance while they are learning the pattern of the gradients that allow multi-coordinate navigation.…”

Section: Route-based Navigationmentioning

confidence: 97%

The orientation and navigation of juvenile alligators: evidence of magnetic sensitivity

Rodda

1984

J. Comp. Physiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Such orientation allows the animal to move in a given direction without the use of landmarks by using celestial cues in combination with a biological clock mechanism synchronized to local time to compensate for the rotation of the earth (34). Studies in frogs (78,79,81) and salamanders (80) showed that a laboratory-induced shift of the 24h lightdark cycle by 6h results in a 90°rotation in orientation. The orientational capabilities of these animals have been tested after various surgical manipulations and demonstrate that they can utilize either the eyes or extraocular photoreceptors located in the brain for compass orientation.…”

Section: Orientationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A more sophisticated type of orientation is the sun-compass orientation observed in many species of amphibians (78)(79)(80)(81). Such orientation allows the animal to move in a given direction without the use of landmarks by using celestial cues in combination with a biological clock mechanism synchronized to local time to compensate for the rotation of the earth (34).…”

Section: Orientationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraocular Phototransduction and Circadian Timing Systems in Vertebrates

Campbell

Murphy

Suhner

2001

Chronobiology International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is widely accepted that, for organisms with eyes, the daily regulation of circadian rhythms is made possible by light transduction through those organs. Yet, it has been demonstrated repeatedly in recent years that ocular light receptors that mediate vision, at least in mammals, are not the same photoreceptors involved in circadian regulation. Moreover, it has been recognized for many years that circadian regulation can occur in organisms without eyes. In fact, extraocular circadian phototransduction (EOCP) appears to be a phylogenetic rule for the vast majority of species. EOCP has been reported in every nonmammalian species studied to date. In mammals, however, the story is very different. This paper presents findings from studies that have examined specifically the capacity for EOCP in vertebrate species. In addition, the literature addressing noncircadian aspects of extraocular phototransduction is briefly discussed. Finally, possible mechanisms underlying EOCP are discussed, as are some of the implications of the presence, or absence, of EOCP across phylogeny.

show abstract

Newts: Sun-Compass Orientation

Cited by 60 publications

References 7 publications

The Metapopulation Ecology of the Red‐Spotted Newt, Notophthalmus viridescens (Rafinesque)

The Metapopulation Ecology of the Red‐Spotted Newt, Notophthalmus viridescens (Rafinesque)

The orientation and navigation of juvenile alligators: evidence of magnetic sensitivity

Extraocular Phototransduction and Circadian Timing Systems in Vertebrates

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About