Nickel, Chromium, Cobalt Dental Alloys and Allergic Reactions an Overview

Hildebrand, Hartmut F.; Véron, C; Martin, P.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-0757-0_19

Cited by 25 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In some cases, 200-to 300-fold concentrations of maximum normal values could be demonstrated in body fluids and in implants surrounding tissue (Hildebrand et al 1988(Hildebrand et al , 1996bLaffargue et al 1998).…”

Section: 311mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These differences are due to the physicochemical characteristics of alloys and their particles. The particles from Co-Cr-Ni alloys are continuously dissolved in the organism and undergo chemical modifications by the formation of precipitates or metallo-organic complexes which have been shown to bind Ca, and in particular phosphorus or phosphates (Black 1988;Hildebrand et al 1988;Dorr et al 1990).…”

Section: Wear Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This behavior protects the alloy and prevents the formation of chemical compounds other than oxides. Some authors, however, do not believe in the innoxiousness of V and Al contained in some Ti alloys with widespread application, for example, Ti 6 Al 4 V (Hildebrand et al 1988;Breme 1989).…”

Section: Wear Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Osteosynthesis plates have been observed to be totally recovered by newly-formed bone tissue after an exposure period of three to four years. The retrieval of such implants becomes particularly difficult (Hildebrand et al 1988). …”

Section: Tissular Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, different criteria must be observed in order to improve the performance of metallic implants and of craniofacial, otologic and orthopedic prostheses (Bischoff et al 1994): * unattached implants must remain immobile; * articular prostheses should be cemented; * the frequency of tissue reactions must be less than 5%; * the performance of an implant must be characterized by the absence of persistent and/or irreversible symptoms such as pain, infection, and neuropathies. As with dental nonprecious alloys, many reports have been made of lingual lesions, injuries of the oral mucosa in the form of stomatitis, cheilitis, tissular hypertrophy, oral redness, dryness, and angular stomatitis, without precise knowledge of the etiology of such pathologies, whether mechanical, bacterial, inflammatory, immunologic, toxic or electrogalvanic (Hildebrand et al 1989a(Hildebrand et al , b, 1995Bundy 1994).…”

Section: Tissular Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metal and Ceramic Implants

Hildebrand¹

2004

Elements and Their Compounds in the Environment

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Section: 311mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wear Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wear Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tissular Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tissular Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metal and Ceramic Implants

Hildebrand¹

2004

Elements and Their Compounds in the Environment

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Ability of Ni-containing biomedical alloys to activate monocytes and endothelial cellsin vitro

Wataha

Lockwood

Marek

et al. 1999

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

128

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Nickel-containing alloys commonly are used in medical and dental applications that place them into long-term contact with soft tissues. The release of Ni ions from these alloys is disturbing because of the toxic, immunologic, and carcinogenic effects that have been documented for some Ni compounds. In particular, Ni ions in solution recently have been shown to cause expression of inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAMs) from keratinocytes, monocytes, and endothelial cells. However, the ability of the solid alloys themselves to induce these inflammatory effects has not been demonstrated. An in vitro system was used to determine if Ni-containing biomedical alloys could cause secretion of either IL-1beta or TNF-alpha from monocytes or expression of ICAMs on endothelial cells. Pure nickel, titanium, and three biomedical alloys-18-8 stainless steel, NiTi, and Rexillium III-were evaluated. First, it was determined whether or not the alloys or pure metals could cause cytotoxicity to THP-1 human monocytes or human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) by measuring the succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) activity of the cells. Then, using identical conditions of exposure, the secretion of IL-1beta or TNF-alpha from monocytes or ICAM-1 expression on the HMVECs was determined. Only pure nickel suppressed (by 48% compared to Teflon controls) the SDH activity of the HMVECs or THP-1 monocytes. No alloy or metal caused the HMVECs to express ICAM-1, but the NiTi alloy caused a significant (ANOVA/Tukey) secretion of IL-1beta from the THP-1 monocytes. Secretion of TNF-alpha induced by NiTi was detectable but not statistically significant. The levels of IL-1beta secretion from monocytes were sufficient to induce ICAM-1 expression on HMVECs. The release of Ni from the NiTi was a logical suspect in causing the IL-1beta secretion by monocytes, but its role was not confirmed since other alloys, such as Rexillium III, released the same quantities of Ni yet did not activate the THP-1 monocytes. Within the limitations of in vitro conditions, our results indicate that NiTi alloys pose a risk of promoting an inflammatory response in soft tissues by activating monocytes. Further study is needed to substantiate this finding in vivo.

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Relating nickel‐induced tissue inflammation to nickel release in vivo

Wataha

O’Dell

Singh

et al. 2001

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

159

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Nickel has a number of adverse biological effects that have made the use of nickel in biomedical implants controversial. Yet information about the distribution of nickel in tissues around nickel-containing implants is scarce. The purpose of the current study was to use a laser ablation technique, combined with inductively coupled mass spectroscopy, to assess the spatial distribution of nickel around nickel-containing implants in vivo. Polyethylene, pure nickel wire, or a nickel-containing alloy (Ni-Cr) were implanted subcutaneously into rats for 7 days. The tissues were analyzed for Ni content and inflammation at 1-mm intervals up to 5 mm away from the implants. The sham surgery sites and the polyethylene caused mild to moderate inflammation 1-2 mm from the implant site with no detectable nickel in the tissue. The nickel wire caused severe inflammation up to 5 mm away from the implant site with necrosis for 1 mm around the implant. Nickel concentrations reached 48 microg/g near the implants, falling exponentially to undetectable levels at 3-4 mm from the implants. The Ni-Cr wire caused inflammation equivalent to polyethylene, with less than 4 microg/g of nickel present in the tissue for 1-2 mm around the implants. The current study showed that the laser-ablation technique was well suited for the analysis of soft tissues for metal-ion content, and that the nickel distribution in tissues correlated well with overt tissue inflammation.

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Nickel, Chromium, Cobalt Dental Alloys and Allergic Reactions an Overview

Cited by 25 publications

References 24 publications

Metal and Ceramic Implants

Metal and Ceramic Implants

Ability of Ni-containing biomedical alloys to activate monocytes and endothelial cellsin vitro

Relating nickel‐induced tissue inflammation to nickel release in vivo

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