“…Among these techniques, electrolysis is attractive for its versatility, energy efficiency, simple equipment, easy operation, and low operating cost [17,18]. Electrolysis processes have been utilized in heavy metal recovery from municipal incinerator fly ash [19], spent Ni-Cd batteries [15], printed circuit boards [20], and waste waters [16,21]. However, little information is available about recovering metals from spent HDS catalyst acid-leachate.…”