Nicotine and Ethanol Interaction on Conditioned Taste Aversions Induced by Both Drugs

Kunin, Daniel; Smith, Brian R.; Amit, Zalman

doi:10.1016/s0091-3057(98)00155-5

Cited by 33 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This phenomenon appears to be unique to drugs of abuse as nicotine had no effect on CTA induced by LiCl even at a relatively low dose (0.5 mEq/kg). These data complement existing findings that nicotine interferes with EtOH-induced CTA following acute pretreatment in adulthood and following chronic exposure in adolescence with later conditioning occurring in adulthood (Kunin et al, 1999; Rinker et al, 2011). Our results indicate that nicotine is not completely interfering with the ability to learn these associations, but rather interfering with the efficacy for a given drug dose to induce CTR in a quantitative manner.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Nicotine pre-treatment reduces sensitivity to the interoceptive stimulus effects of commonly abused drugs as assessed with taste conditioning paradigms

Loney¹,

Meyer²

2019

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Background: Drug pre-exposure attenuates sensitivity to the interoceptive stimulus properties of additional subsequently administered drugs in drug-induced conditioned taste avoidance (CTA) and conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigms. Specifically, nicotine, commonly used in conjunction with other addictive substances, attenuates acquisition of ethanol and caffeine As and morphine-induced CPP. Methods: Because nicotine use is comorbid with a number of substance use disorders, we systematically examined the effects of nicotine pre-exposure on two different conditioning paradigms involving integration of the interoceptive stimulus properties of multiple commonly abused drugs, in male and female rats, designed to examine both the aversive and reinforcing properties of these drugs. Results: Nicotine dose-dependently interfered with acquisition of CTA to passively administered morphine, ethanol, and cocaine, but not lithium chloride, demonstrating that the effects of nicotine are not simply a matter of reduced orosensory processing or an inability to learn such associations. Moreover, nicotine-treated rats required higher doses of drug in order to develop CTA and did not show increased acceptance of the taste of self-administered ethanol compared with saline-treated rats. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that nicotine pre-exposure attenuates sensitivity to the stimulus effects of multiple drugs in two conditioning paradigms, in a manner which is consistent with a reduced ability to integrate the interoceptive properties of abused drugs. Through reducing these stimulus properties of drugs of abuse, concomitant nicotine use may result in a need to increase either the frequency or strength of doses during drug-taking, thus likely contributing to enhanced addiction liability in smokers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Nicotine pre-treatment reduces sensitivity to the interoceptive stimulus effects of commonly abused drugs as assessed with taste conditioning paradigms

Loney¹,

Meyer²

2019

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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“…The impact of preexposure in the cross-drug design is generally thought to be the result of the development of tolerance to common aversive effects shared by the drugs, presumably due to some common mechanism of action (Riley and Simpson, 2001: Serafine and Riley 2009: Serafine and Riley 2010). It is interesting to note that the cross-drug preexposure effect has been previously reported with nicotine and alcohol (Kunin et al , 1999). Specifically, proximal (3 days immediately preceding taste aversion conditioning) nicotine preexposure during adulthood was shown to be capable of abolishing alcohol-induced taste aversions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Exposure to nicotine during periadolescence or early adulthood alters aversive and physiological effects induced by ethanol

Rinker

Hutchison

Chen

et al. 2011

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

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The majority of smokers begin their habit during adolescence, which often precedes experimentation with alcohol. Interestingly, very little preclinical work has been done examining how exposure to nicotine during periadolescence impacts the affective properties of alcohol in adulthood. Understanding how periadolescent nicotine exposure influences the aversive effects of alcohol might help to explain why it becomes more acceptable to this preexposed population. Thus, Experiment 1 exposed male Sprague Dawley rats to either saline or nicotine (0.4 mg/kg, IP) from postnatal day 34 to 43 (periadolescence) and then examined changes in the aversive effects of alcohol (0, 0.56, 1.0 and 1.8 g/kg, IP) in adulthood using the conditioned taste aversion (CTA) design. Changes in blood alcohol concentration (BAC) as well as alcohol-induced hypothermia and locomotor suppression were also assessed. To determine if changes seen were specific to nicotine exposure during periadolescence, the procedures were replicated in adults (Experiment 2). Preexposure to nicotine during periadolescence attenuated the acquisition of the alcohol-induced CTAs (at 1.0 g/kg) and the hypothermic effects of alcohol (1.0 g/kg). Adult nicotine preexposure produced similar attenuation in alcohol's aversive (at 1.8 g/kg) and hypothermic (1.8 g/kg) effects. Neither adolescent nor adult nicotine preexposure altered BACs or alcohol-induced locomotor suppression. These results suggest that nicotine can alter the aversive and physiological effects of alcohol, regardless of the age at which exposure occurs, possibly increasing its overall reinforcing value and making it more likely to be consumed.

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“…Another constituent of interest is propylene glycol, an alcohol that is a primary ingredient in EC liquids and is pharmacologically and behaviorally active in both humans and animals (Forrest and Galletly, 1988; Lin et al, 1998; Singh et al, 1982). Given that levels of propylene glycol vary widely among EC products and that alcohol can enhance nicotine reinforcement and attenuate nicotine aversion (Deehan et al, 2015; Glautier et al, 1996; Griffiths et al, 1976; Kunin et al, 1999), relative propylene glycol content might be a determinant of relative abuse liability between EC products. Studies examining the interaction between propylene glycol and nicotine in the ICSS and SA models are needed to address this issue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abuse liability assessment of an e-cigarette refill liquid using intracranial self-stimulation and self-administration models in rats

LeSage

Staley

Muelken

et al. 2016

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Background The popularity of electronic cigarettes (ECs) has increased dramatically despite their unknown health consequences. Because the abuse liability of ECs is one of the leading concerns of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), models to assess it are urgently needed to inform FDA regulatory decisions regarding these products. The purpose of this study was to assess the relative abuse liability of an EC liquid compared to nicotine alone in rats. Because this EC liquid contains non-nicotine constituents that may enhance its abuse liability, we hypothesized that it would have greater abuse liability than nicotine alone. Methods Nicotine alone and nicotine dose-equivalent concentrations of EC liquid were compared in terms of their acute effects on intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) thresholds, acquisition of self-administration, reinforcing efficacy (i.e., elasticity of demand), blockade of these behavioral effects by mecamylamine, nicotine pharmacokinetics and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor binding and activation. Results There were no significant differences between formulations on any measure, except that EC liquid produced less of an elevation in ICSS thresholds at high nicotine doses. Conclusions Collectively, these findings suggest that the relative abuse liability of this EC liquid is similar to that of nicotine alone in terms of its reinforcing and reinforcement-enhancing effects, but that it may have less aversive/anhedonic effects at high doses. The present methods may be useful for assessing the abuse liability of other ECs to inform potential FDA regulation of those products.

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Nicotine and Ethanol Interaction on Conditioned Taste Aversions Induced by Both Drugs

Cited by 33 publications

References 30 publications

Nicotine pre-treatment reduces sensitivity to the interoceptive stimulus effects of commonly abused drugs as assessed with taste conditioning paradigms

Nicotine pre-treatment reduces sensitivity to the interoceptive stimulus effects of commonly abused drugs as assessed with taste conditioning paradigms

Exposure to nicotine during periadolescence or early adulthood alters aversive and physiological effects induced by ethanol

Abuse liability assessment of an e-cigarette refill liquid using intracranial self-stimulation and self-administration models in rats

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