Nigeria and the Selenium Micronutrient: A Review

Adeniyi, MJ

doi:10.19080/ctbeb.2018.14.555876

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This was much higher than the national prevalence of 35%. [21] High prevalence of selenium deficiency was also reported by other workers [32,33]. Selenium deficiency in this study was not associated with increased incidence, severity or LOH in children with pneumonia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Serum Micronutrients as related to Childhood Pneumonia Severity and Outcome in a Nigerian Health Facility

Kuti

Adetola

Oyelami

2021

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Micronutrients are essential minerals and vitamins needed for optimal health. There are however conflicting reports about the roles of micronutrients in severity and outcomes of childhood pneumonia. This study aims to determine the socio-demographic and serum micronutrients – Zinc (Zn), Selenium (Se), Vitamins (Vit) A, C and E status of Nigerian children with or without pneumonia and relate these to pneumonia severity and outcome. Methodology: Children aged two months to 14 years with severe and non-severe pneumonia were recruited with age and sex-matched controls over 12 month period in a Nigerian tertiary health centre. Relevant history and serum micronutrients were compared in the two groups and related to pneumonia severity and length of hospitalisation (LOH). Results: One hundred and forty-four children (72 for each group) were recruited with median (IQR) age 1.6 (0.6 – 4.0) years and fifty-six (38.8%) had severe pneumonia. Pneumonia incidence was associated with undernutrition, inappropriate immunisation and Zn deficiency (p < 0.05). Hypovitaminosis A [60.8(22.2)µg/dl vs. 89.5(34.7)µg/dl; p < 0.001], low serum Zn [71.6(32.5)µg/dl vs. 92.6(24.6)µg/dl; p=0.019] and indoor air pollution (IAP) were associated with pneumonia severity. However, only IAP (OR = 4.529; 95%CI 1.187–17.284; p=0.027) and Zn deficiency (OR=6.144; 95%CI 1.157–32.617; p=0.033) independently predicted severe pneumonia. No significant correlation between serum micronutrients and LOH. Conclusions: Exposure to IAP and low serum micronutrients particularly Zn and Vit A were associated with pneumonia incidence and severity in Nigerian children. Routine micronutrient supplementation may assist to reduce the burden of childhood pneumonia in developing countries.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Serum Micronutrients as related to Childhood Pneumonia Severity and Outcome in a Nigerian Health Facility

Kuti

Adetola

Oyelami

2021

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…The present results suggest that the levels of selenium in Nigerian staple foodstuffs (at least from the area studied) are sufficient for good nutrition. While this work was in progress, a review concerning selenium micronutrient appeared in Nigeria: the review reported results that generally agree with our data when expressed on an equivalent basis [25]. Thompson and Scott have shown earlier that 0.04 to 0.10 ppm selenium are needed in the diet to prevent selenium deficiency in chickens depending on the vitamin E content of the diet [26].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Quantitative Analysis of Selenium in Staple Foodstuffs from Kanam Local Government Area, North-Central Nigeria

Jaryum¹,

Okoye²,

Stoecker³

2019

JNHFS

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Background: Although selenium was, for decades, considered toxic, many animal diseases has been found to respond to selenium. Selenium is, therefore, an essential trace element. Selenium is essential for human nutrition where it is a constituent of more than two dozen selenoproteins that play critical roles in reproduction, thyroid hormone metabolism, DNA synthesis, and protection from oxidative damage and infection. Selenium concentrations in plantbased foods vary widely by geographic location. This research was aimed at determining the amount of selenium in the local foodstuffs from Kanam Local Government Area in north-central Nigeria. Methods: Staple foodstuffs were selected across all the sections of the research area. Samples were homogenized in a ceramic mortar to obtain homogeneous samples with particle size > 300µm. These were digested using a diluted oxidant mixture containing 1 ml deionised H2O + 0.5 ml double-distilled HNO3. Selenium content was determined using the inductively coupled-mass spectrophotometry technique. Data obtained were analysed using the student's t-test and results were presented as means and standard deviations. A probability level of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: All the foodstuffs contained quantities of selenium high enough to meet the recommended daily allowance for all categories. Grain varied widely in their selenium content with white sorghum containing the lowest (6.16±3.97 µg/g) and red sorghum containing the highest (14.19±7.22 µg/g) followed by cowpea (13.05±8.79 µg/g). Conclusion: These values suggest that a diet well balanced in other nutrients is probably also nutritionally adequate with regard to selenium, although possible effects of cooking, processing, geographical variation and biological availability remain to be investigated.

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“…There are large differences in the reported levels of selenium in different studies, particularly the study by Muhammed et al [23], which reported serum selenium levels of 29 ng/dL in healthy individuals and 25 ng/dL in COVID-19-infected patients. This could be explained by the considerably low levels of selenium in soil in Nigeria [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and Selenium Deficiency: a Systematic Review

Fakhrolmobasheri

Mazaheri‐Tehrani

Kieliszek

et al. 2021

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Several studies have indicated that selenium deficiency may be detrimental in the context of various viral disorders, and in the case of COVID-19, several studies have reported heterogeneous results concerning the association of selenium deficiency with the severity of disease. To summarize the available data surrounding the association of body selenium levels with the outcomes of COVID-19, a systematic search was performed in the Medline database (PubMed), Scopus, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science using keywords including “SARS-CoV-2,” “COVID-19,” and “selenium,” Studies evaluating the association of COVID-19 with body selenium levels were included. Among 1,862 articles viewed in the database search, 10 articles were included after title, abstract, and full-text review. One study was further included after searching the literature again for any newly published articles. Out of 11 included studies, 10 studies measured serum selenium level, and one study investigated urinary selenium level. Three of 10 studies measured serum SELENOP level as well as selenium level. Glutathione peroxidase-3 level in serum was also assessed in one study. The reported outcomes were severity, mortality, and risk of COVID-19. Nine studies indicated that a lower serum selenium level is associated with worse outcomes. Two studies reported no significant association between serum selenium level and COVID-19. In one study, urinary selenium level was reported to be higher in severe and fatal cases compared to non-severe and recovered patients, respectively. In most cases, selenium deficiency was associated with worse outcomes, and selenium levels in COVID-19 patients were lower than in healthy individuals. Thus, it could be concluded that cautious selenium supplementation in COVID-19 patients may be helpful to prevent disease progression. However, randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm this.

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Nigeria and the Selenium Micronutrient: A Review

Cited by 7 publications

References 34 publications

Serum Micronutrients as related to Childhood Pneumonia Severity and Outcome in a Nigerian Health Facility

Serum Micronutrients as related to Childhood Pneumonia Severity and Outcome in a Nigerian Health Facility

Quantitative Analysis of Selenium in Staple Foodstuffs from Kanam Local Government Area, North-Central Nigeria

COVID-19 and Selenium Deficiency: a Systematic Review

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