Nigeria’s cocoa exports: a gravity model approach

Abdullahi, Nazir Muhammad; Shahriar, Saleh; Kea, Sokvibol; Abdullahi, Aminu Muhammad; Zhang, Qiangqiang; Huo, Xuexi

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20201043

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…For instance, the agricultural sector provides vast employment for rural inhabitants, raw materials for agroindustries and contributes remarkably to non-oil revenue and export. As remarked by Abdullahi et al (2021), Nigeria is an agrarian country where agricultural activities are the primary source of economic survivals and livelihoods. Consequently, several administrations evolved series of policy interventions to enable the sector maintain its indispensable roles.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monetary Policy and Agricultural Sector Performance in Nigeria: A Granger Causality Approach

Ogbanje

Okpe

2022

IJECOP

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Purpose: The agricultural sector provides a formidable basis for the Nigeria’s economic diversification. To achieve this in the short-run, to start with, the use of appropriate monetary policy instruments is indispensable. Hence, this study examined the short-run causality between monetary policy and agricultural sector performance. Methodology: Time series data for the study were obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria between 1981 and 2020. The monetary policy instruments in the model were money supply (MS), monetary rediscount rate (MR), exchange rate (ER), prime lending rate (PR) and agricultural sector implicit price deflator (ASI) while agricultural sector performance was proxied by the gross domestic product for the sector. After first differencing, the Augmented Dickey-Fuller test confirmed the stationarity of the variables. Optimal lag selection-order recommended four lags. The vector autoregressive model, pairwise Granger causality test and Wald coefficient test were used to show the robustness and validation of the causality test. Findings: The result shows that the t-statistics of LnMS (2.70), LnMR (3.00), LnER (2.05) and LnPR (3.53) were statistically significant (p<0.05), suggesting bidirectional relationship between monetary policy and agricultural sector performance. There was a unidirectional causality running from LnASI to LnASG. It was concluded that monetary policy Granger-caused agricultural sector performance in the short-run. Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: The study recommended that monetary authorities should note that that changes to MS, MR, ER, PR and ASI would affect ASG and vice versa in the short-run as well as the overall macroeconomic growth; and policy decisions that are aimed at altering ASG would affect MS, MR, ER, PR.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monetary Policy and Agricultural Sector Performance in Nigeria: A Granger Causality Approach

Ogbanje

Okpe

2022

IJECOP

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“…Furthermore, many researchers have used the gravity model to investigate a commodityspecific model to determine the factors affecting a single commodity's exports. For instance, Abdullahi, Shahriar [35] studied the gravity equation for Nigeria's cocoa exports with its 36 major importing partners from 1995-2018. The study confirmed the consistence of the gravity model assumptions in the context of the Nigerian cocoa industry.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prior international trade literature considered distance as a trade resistance factor and is anticipated to decrease China's agricultural trade [35,69]. The distance between Beijing and importing partners' capital city is taken as a proxy for trade costs.…”

Section: Factors Affecting China's Agricultural Products Exportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the determinants and efficiency of China’s agricultural exports using a stochastic frontier gravity model

et al. 2022

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This paper aims to examine the key determinants and efficiency of China’s agricultural exports with its 114 importing countries by applying the Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) on an augmented gravity model for the period of 2000–2019. The Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood (PPML) and the fixed effect models were also estimated simultaneously to confirm the robustness of our findings. The results reveal that China’s economic size (GDP) and its importing countries, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), common border, and the Chinese language positively determine China’s agricultural export flows. The results, on the other hand, also reveal that China’s agricultural export is adversely influenced by the income (per capita GDP) of China and its trade partners, currency depreciation, distance, and landlocked. On an average account, China has untapped the potential of 51% in its agriculture export with the countries used in this study. We provide policy suggestions as part of our study.

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“…Around 85% of its residents are ethnic Somalis who have historically inhabited in the country's north. Ethnic minorities are largely concentrated in the south [6,7]. The official languages of Somalia are Somali and Arabic [6].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…miles). 46.8% of the population is urban (7,431,038 people in 2020). The median age in Somalia is 16.7 years.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

General Oncology Care in Somalia

Hassan

Abdikarim

Yassin

et al. 2022

Cancer in the Arab World

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The aim of this chapter is to provide an update on cancer epidemiology in Somalia as well as local and international responses to the challenges. After the collapse of the central government of Somalia in 1991, the country has plunged into civil war. Since then, Somalia has not had any governmental or non-governmental cancer care services. Currently, Somalia doesn’t have a single cancer center. The country has neither national cancer registries nor national cancer institutes. According to a study done by a Somali cancer specialist at the University of Somalia-Teaching Hospital, and Turkish doctors at Erdogan Hospital, published in seminars in oncology in 2017, the most frequent cancers in Somalia are esophageal, Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma, liver, breast, skin, thyroid, brain, bone, colorectal, and soft tissue. Somalia is recovering from a devastating civil war that continued for 30 years. This war has destroyed all the health facilities in the country, since then the country has not been able to reestablish the healthcare system. This absence of healthcare system and lack of human and financial resources are the biggest challenges of cancer care in the country. There is only one facility in the entire country where cancer care is given. The future of cancer care in Somalia is bright since more doctors are planning to specialize in cancer and more investors are planning to invest privately in the healthcare sector, especially cancer care. Also, as the Somali government is getting stronger, it is hoped the government will play a bigger role in cancer care in Somalia in the coming years.

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Nigeria’s cocoa exports: a gravity model approach

Cited by 17 publications

References 62 publications

Monetary Policy and Agricultural Sector Performance in Nigeria: A Granger Causality Approach

Monetary Policy and Agricultural Sector Performance in Nigeria: A Granger Causality Approach

Examining the determinants and efficiency of China’s agricultural exports using a stochastic frontier gravity model

General Oncology Care in Somalia

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