Night shift paralysis

Folkard, Simon; Condon, R.; Herbert, M.

doi:10.1007/bf01952412

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Second, a rather unusual phenomenonnight shift paralysis-can occur, by which an individual, though apparently awake, nevertheless become immobile and is unable to respond to the environment. It lasts from a few second to minutes and has been described in nurses (Folkard et al, 1984) and air-traffic controllers (Folkard & Condon, 1987). It appears to affect 3-6% of the working population, and is considered to be a form of sleep paralysis.…”

Section: Time-zone Transitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rhythms of Human Performance

Waterhouse

Minors

Åkerstedt

et al. 2001

Handbook of Behavioral Neurobiology

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Humans are diurnal by nature but modern industrialized societies must function throughout the 24 hours of the day. Not only are emergency services required to be able to act at any time, but communications, commerce and industrial processes also never cease their operations. In the military sphere in particular, round-the-clock capability is required. Whereas these processes have been accompanied by an increasing replacement of humans by technology, if only because humans are too slow, expensive, and unreliable, our species still is required to tend such systems and act in relation to the information they give or require. The role of humans has tended to change, therefore, from the that of providing brute strength and even intellectual input to one of vigilance and the minding of machines.Systems do go wrong however, and errors occur attributable both to equipment and to the people who control it. In recent reviews of accidents (Akerstedt, 1995a,b; common concern has been to establish how much is due to equipment failure and how much to human error. This concern is to protect not only the individuals involved, but also the public at large, who, directly or indirectly, can be affected by such disasters, as in the cases of the Exxon Valdez, the Bhopal chemical refinery, and the nuclear plants at Three Mile Island and Chernobyl.Studies of road traffic accidents and of accidents in the workplace, in both military and civilian contexts, have stressed that human error can arise for a multi-J. M. WATERHOUSE, T. REILLY,

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Section: Time-zone Transitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sleep loss, particularly due to daytime sleep and resulting cumulative loss (Folkard et at., 1984;Torsvall et at., 1989).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rhythms of Human Performance

Waterhouse

Minors

Åkerstedt

et al. 2001

Handbook of Behavioral Neurobiology

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“…Thus, experimental procedures may produce artifactually high rates of SOREMPs and of SP episodes during SOREMPs, while suppressing SP in later REMPs. Of course, similar conditions will sometimes be obtained in more naturalistic situations such as ‘night shift paralysis’, in which waking paralysis has been noted to occur rarely before midnight but increase steeply thereafter to peak at 05:00 h (Folkard and Condon, 1987; Folkard et al. , 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Timing of spontaneous sleep‐paralysis episodes

Girard

Cheyne

2006

Journal of Sleep Research

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SUMMARY The objective of this prospective naturalistic field study was to determine the distribution of naturally occurring sleep-paralysis (SP) episodes over the course of nocturnal sleep and their relation to bedtimes. Regular SP experiencers (N ¼ 348) who had previously filled out a screening assessment for SP as well as a general sleep survey were recruited. Participants reported, online over the World Wide Web, using a standard reporting form, bedtimes and subsequent latencies of spontaneous episodes of SP occurring in their homes shortly after their occurrence. The distribution of SP episodes over nights was skewed to the first 2 h following bedtime. Just over one quarter of SP episodes occurred within 1 h of bedtime, although episodes were reported throughout the night with a minor mode around the time of normal waking. SP latencies following bedtimes were moderately consistent across episodes and independent of bedtimes. Additionally, profiles of SP latencies validated self-reported hypnagogic, hypnomesic, and hypnopompic SP categories, as occurring near the beginning, middle, and end of the night/sleep period respectively. Results are consistent with the hypothesis that SP timing is controlled by mechanisms initiated at or following sleep onset. These results also suggest that SP, rather than uniquely reflecting anomalous sleep-onset rapid eye movement (REM) periods, may result from failure to maintain sleep during REM periods at any point during the sleep period. On this view, SP may sometimes reflect the maintenance of REM consciousness when waking and SP hallucinations the continuation of dream experiences into waking life.k e y w o r d s circadian rhythms, hypnagogic, sleep paralysis, sleep-onset REM

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“…The observation that SP episodes can be provoked by a disturbance of the sleep–wake cycle, jet lag, sleep disruption, or non‐restorative sleep also suggests that fragmentation of sleep, or REM sleep, may be a critical factor in the occurrence of SP [9,10,25–27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrent Isolated Sleep Paralysis: Polysomnographic and Clinical Findings. Polysomnographische und klinische Befunde bei Personen mit wiederkehrender isolierter Schlaflahmung

Walther

Schulz

2004

Somnologie

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Question of the study Sleep paralysis is one of the typical symptoms of narcolepsy, found in about 25% of narcoleptic patients. It also represents a separate sleep disorder classified as a REM sleep-related parasomnia. We compared clinical and electrophysiological data of patients with recurrent isolated sleep paralysis (RISP) with those of narcoleptic patients and healthy control subjects. Patients and methods Structured interview data, polygraphic sleep recording, Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DR2(15) typing were compared in sex-and age-matched patients with RISP (n ¼ 10, mean age: 48.2 years, 4 males/6 females), narcolepsy (NAR, n ¼ 10, mean age: 51.5 years, 4 males/6 females) and healthy controls (CON, n ¼ 10, mean age: 51.5 years, 5 males/5 females). Results Night sleep latencies were prolonged in RISP (mean: 40.6 ± 25.3 min; NAR: 19.5 ± 8.8 min; CON: 19.2 ± 15.6 min). No sleep onset REM (SOREM) episodes (latency <20 min) were observed in RISP patients, and short (<50 min) REM sleep latencies were rare. In some cases REM sleep episodes were fragmented or abbreviated. The distribution of REM latencies was largely inconspicuous. The distribution of NREM sleep stages was normal. In the MSLT, latencies for sleep stages 1 and 2 were longer in RISP than in narcoleptic patients, and while SOREM phases were abundant in narcoleptic patients, such events were extremely rare in RISP patients. Daytime sleepiness, assessed by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), did not differ between RISP (median: 9) and CON (median: 6.5) but was significantly increased in NAR (median: 20.5). HLA typing showed that seven out of 10 RISP patients were HLA DR2(15) negative. None of the patients with RISP had ever experienced cataplectic attacks. Conclusions RISP and NAR patients differ in critical HLA alleles and in key sleep variables such as sleep latency and REM latency. According to our findings, SOREM episodes are not a typical feature of RISP. In contrast to other studies, RISP patients do not show excessive daytime sleepiness compared with healthy controls.Keywords isolated sleep paralysis -sleep latency -REM latency -HLA typing -MSLT. ZusammenfassungFragestellung Die Schlaflähmung ist ein typisches Symptom der Narkolepsie und findet sich bei etwa 25% der narkoleptischen Patienten. Sie stellt aber auch eine eigenständige Schlafstörung dar, die als REM-Schlaf bezogene Parasomnie klassifiziert wird. Wir verglichen klinische und elektrophysiologische Daten von Patienten mit wiederkehrender isolierter Schlaflähmung (RISP) mit denen narkoleptischer Patienten und gesunder Kontrollpersonen. Patienten und Methodik Die Ergebnisse eines strukturierten Interviews, Fragebogendaten, polysomnographische Aufzeichnungen, Multipler Schlaflatenz-Test (MSLT) und HLA DR2(15) Befunde wurden verglichen für nach Alter und Geschlecht angepassten Patienten mit RISP (n ¼ 10; mittleres Alter 48,2 Jahre; 4 Männer, 6 Frauen), Narkolepsie (NAR, n ¼ 10; mittleres Alter 51,5 Jahre; 4 Männer, 6 Frauen) und gesunde Kontrollen (C...

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Night shift paralysis

Cited by 20 publications

References 10 publications

Rhythms of Human Performance

Rhythms of Human Performance

Timing of spontaneous sleep‐paralysis episodes

Recurrent Isolated Sleep Paralysis: Polysomnographic and Clinical Findings. Polysomnographische und klinische Befunde bei Personen mit wiederkehrender isolierter Schlaflahmung

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