Nine-Lump Kinetic Study of Catalytic Pyrolysis of Gas Oils Derived from Canadian Synthetic Crude Oil

Abstract

Catalytic pyrolysis of gas oils derived from Canadian synthetic crude oil on a kind of zeolite catalyst was conducted in a confined fluidized bed reactor for the production of light olefins. The overall reactants and products were classified into nine species, and a nine-lump kinetic model was proposed to describe the reactions based on appropriate assumptions. This kinetic model had 24 rate constants and a catalyst deactivation constant. The kinetic constants at 620 ∘ C, 640 ∘ C, 660 ∘ C, and 680 ∘ C were estimated by means of nonlinear least-square regression method. Preexponential factors and apparent activation energies were then calculated according to the Arrhenius equation. The apparent activation energies of the three feed lumps were lower than those of the intermediate product lumps. The nine-lump kinetic model showed good calculation precision and the calculated yields were close to the experimental ones.

Kinetic Modeling of Hydrocracking of Low-Density Polyethylene in a Batch Reactor

“…The similarity between heavy petroleum and polymer cracking allows the use of similar lumped models of reaction pathways. They are commonly employed to describe all types of cracking reactions including thermal, 19,20,27 catalytic, 21,22,28 and hydrocracking. 24,29,30 Usually, the lumping process is based on the boiling cuts or the component bondtypes such as paraffins, olefins, naphthenes, and aromatics.…”

“…The similarity between heavy petroleum and polymer cracking allows the use of similar lumped models of reaction pathways. They are commonly employed to describe all types of cracking reactions including thermal, ,, catalytic, ,, and hydrocracking. ,, Usually, the lumping process is based on the boiling cuts or the component bond-types such as paraffins, olefins, naphthenes, and aromatics . For this study, lumping the product is employed based on the carbon numbers to simplify the complexity of the produced mixture, and yet is able to describe the hydrocracking reaction properly to meet the objective of implementing a kinetic model.…”

“…Although the kinetics of hydrocracking of long-chain carbon such as petroleum residues, , gas oil, and crude oil has been studied extensively, a limited amount of research in the literature concerns kinetic studies on the hydrocracking of a polymer. Despite some similarities between heavy petroleum cuts such as vacuum gas oil (VGO), molten polymers have a significantly higher viscosity, and the long HC chain also alters the overall C/H ratio.…”

A Review of Modelling of the FCC Unit–Part I: The Riser

“…Post-2000 saw an explosion in the adoption of CFD to model and simulate the FCC riser and its constitutive parts in order to study flow patterns and yields in reactive CFD simulations. Recently, there have also been papers published on FCC riser optimisation to meet changing global demand trends [24][25][26], such as increased demand for propylene [27], and modelling of the riser using unconventional feeds such as bio-oils [28][29][30]. Evidently, the literature on the modelling and simulation of the riser is now vast and varied, and this is the subject of the present work.…”

Analysis of Heat and Mass Transfer and Parametric Sensitivity in an Experimental Fixed-Bed Reactor for the Catalytic Cracking of Heavy Hydrocarbons Based on Modeling and Experiments

“…On the other hand, semiempirical models, which have simple calculations, cannot be used for these reactions. , Therefore, the lumping methodology has been utilized for the complex reaction systems involved in the catalytic cracking process. In this way, similar components according to their boiling point and molecular characteristics are categorized into several cuts or lumps. , Many lumping models for catalytic cracking have been proposed and classified into two groups: (1) components are lumped based on the molecular structure characteristics of hydrocarbons, such as the four-lump kinetic model of Ojong et al, the seven-lump kinetic model of Fukuyama and Terai, the eight-lump model of Wang et al., the twelve-lump model of Zong et al., and the seventeen-lump model of Singh et al; (2) components are lumped based on the boiling point or molecular weight range, such as the four-lump kinetic model of Dave et al, Ancheyta-Juárez et al, and by Shayegh et al, the five-lump kinetic model of Sánchez et al and Ancheyta-Juárez et al, , the six-lump model of Ancheyta and Sotelo, Sadighi et al, Xiong et al, John et al, and by Seyed Asaee et al, the seven-lump model of Heydari, and the eight-lump model of Sani et al, You et al, and Sun et al In addition to these two types, in several studies, lumped kinetic models based on the chemical structure and boiling points are mixed, such as the ten-lump kinetic model proposed by Du et al and the nine-lump model by Ebrahimi et al and by Zhang et al Generally, the type of model is selected based on the purpose of the research.…”