NIR—spectroscopic investigations on phase behaviour of low—volatile organic substances in supercritical carbon dioxide

Swaid, I.; Nickel, D.; Schneider, Gerhard

doi:10.1016/0378-3812(85)90062-7

Cited by 62 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…These techniques face challenges if the extraction of the sample changes its condition. Noncontact in situ methods like Raman spectroscopy or near infrared spectroscopy are convenient for phase equilibrium measurements. In this investigation, Raman spectroscopy is used for the determination of the vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) of the system squalane/carbon dioxide under high pressure with an amount of a droplet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase equilibrium measurements of acoustically levitated squalane–CO₂ mixtures by Raman spectroscopy

Baer

Esen

Ostendorf

2014

J Raman Spectroscopy

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This work describes the phase equilibrium measurements of acoustically levitated binary mixtures with concentration measurements using Raman spectroscopy without sample extraction of the autoclave. The levitator design is implemented in a Single‐Droplet Optical Cell for levitation processes under varying atmospheres. The advantages of acoustic levitation of small droplets under increased temperatures and pressure combined with spectroscopic applications like Raman spectroscopy enable novel experiments possibly relevant to the fields of chemical engineering. To the author's knowledge, this is the first use of Raman spectroscopy for phase equilibria investigations on acoustically levitated droplets under high pressure and temperature. The results show very good agreements with literature data. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase equilibrium measurements of acoustically levitated squalane–CO₂ mixtures by Raman spectroscopy

Baer

Esen

Ostendorf

2014

J Raman Spectroscopy

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“…Experimental data [36] on the effect of temperature and pressure on the supercritical solubility of adamantane in dense (supercritical) carbon dioxide gas is reported by Figure ( In Figure (10) the experimental data [35,37] showing the effect of temperature and supercritical solvent density on the solubility of adamantane in dense (supercritical) carbon dioxide at various temperatures are reported.…”

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confidence: 99%

Diamondoid Molecules

Mansoori¹

2007

Advances in Chemical Physics

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Diamondoids have been of great interest in recent years due to their role in nanotechnology, drug-delivery and medicine. In this review paper we introduce at first the cage nature of diamondoid molecules (polymantanes, adamantologues), the variety of their crystalline lattice structures, the nature of their structural isomers, their stereoisomers, and their other molecular specificities are presented. The carbon-carbon framework of diamondoids constitutes the fundamental repeating unit in the diamond lattice structure. It is demonstrated that diamondoids are very stable compounds.The unique physicochemical properties of diamondoids due to their exceptional atomic arrangements including their melting points, molar enthalpies, molar entropies, molar heat capacities, vapor pressures and other phase transitions and solubilities data are reported and analyzed.The Lewis acid-catalyzed rearrangement of hydrocarbons to synthesize lower diamondoids is presented and its limitations for the synthesis of higher diamondoids are discussed.The natural occurrence of diamondoids in petroleum fluids and how they come to be present in such fluids is introduced. Field experiences of phase transitions and depositions as well as techniques for separation, detection and measurement of diamondoids from petroleum fluids is presented and discussed..It is demonstrated that due to their six or more linking groups diamondoids have found major applications as templates and as molecular building blocks in polymers synthesis, nanotechnology, drug delivery, drug targeting, DNA directed assembly, DNA-amino acid nanostructure formation and in host-guest chemistry. ________________________________________ (*) E-Mail: mansoori@uic.edu. 2 Molecular Structure of DiamondoidsDiamondoid molecules are cage-like, ultra-stable, saturated hydrocarbons. These molecules are ringed compounds, which have a diamond-like structure consisting of a number of six-member carbon rings fused together (see Figure 1). More explicitly, they consist of repeating units of ten carbon atoms forming a tetra-cyclic cage system [1-3]. They are called "diamondoid" because their carbon-carbon framework constitutes the fundamental repeating unit in the diamond lattice structure. This structure was first determined in 1913 by Bragg and Bragg [4] using X-ray diffraction analysis.The first and simplest member of the diamondoids group, adamantane, is a tricyclic saturated hydrocarbon (tricyclo[3.3.1.1]decane). Adamantane is followed by its polymantane homologues (adamantologues): diamantane, tria-, tetra-, penta-and hexamantane. Figure 1, illustrate the smaller diamondoid molecules, with the general chemical formula C 4n+6 H 4n+12 : adamantane (C 10 H 16 ), diamantane (C 14 H 20 ), and triamantane (C 18 H 24 ),.. These lower adamantologues, each has only one isomer.Depending on the spatial arrangement of the adamantane units, higher polymantanes (n≥4) can have several isomers and non-isomeric equivalents. There are three possible tetramantanes all of which are isomeric. They are depicte...

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“…For each system, four isotherms at 323. 2 . The curves on the left correspond to the gas phase solubility of the solute, whereas the data on the right represents the concentration of the substance in the liquid phase.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near‐infrared spectroscopic investigations on phase behaviour and hydrogen‐bonding of polar substances in supercritical chlorotrifluoromethane. Part I — phase behaviour

Ochel

Schneider

1994

Ber Bunsenges Phys Chem

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The phase behaviour of fluid mixtures of polar substances in supercritical chlorotrifluoromethane CCIF, was investigated at pressures up to 100 MPa and temperatures from 323 K to 398 K. The measurements were performed by high pressure near-infrared spectroscopy using the analytical method. An optical high pressure cell equipped with sapphire windows and fibre optics was used. The total substance concentration was obtained from the first overtone region of C-H stretching vibration (1600-1800nm), as well as from the second overtone region (1 150-1300nm) and its combination with other vibrational molecular modes (2100-2350 nm). Solubilities of dodecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, their corresponding methyl esters, Gvalerolactam and e-caprolactam in the supercritical gas are presented. The influence of molecular properties on the phase behaviour is discussed.

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NIR—spectroscopic investigations on phase behaviour of low—volatile organic substances in supercritical carbon dioxide

Cited by 62 publications

References 8 publications

Phase equilibrium measurements of acoustically levitated squalane–CO₂ mixtures by Raman spectroscopy

Phase equilibrium measurements of acoustically levitated squalane–CO₂ mixtures by Raman spectroscopy

Diamondoid Molecules

Near‐infrared spectroscopic investigations on phase behaviour and hydrogen‐bonding of polar substances in supercritical chlorotrifluoromethane. Part I — phase behaviour

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NIR—spectroscopic investigations on phase behaviour of low—volatile organic substances in supercritical carbon dioxide

Cited by 62 publications

References 8 publications

Phase equilibrium measurements of acoustically levitated squalane–CO2 mixtures by Raman spectroscopy

Phase equilibrium measurements of acoustically levitated squalane–CO2 mixtures by Raman spectroscopy

Diamondoid Molecules

Near‐infrared spectroscopic investigations on phase behaviour and hydrogen‐bonding of polar substances in supercritical chlorotrifluoromethane. Part I — phase behaviour

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Product

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Phase equilibrium measurements of acoustically levitated squalane–CO₂ mixtures by Raman spectroscopy

Phase equilibrium measurements of acoustically levitated squalane–CO₂ mixtures by Raman spectroscopy