Nitrate Leaching Under Bare Fallow at a Site in Northern Nigeria

Wild, A.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2389.1972.tb01663.x

Cited by 83 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The greatest adsorption per kg of soil was found in Cudico at 30-60 cm depth. Our values compare closely with those of Wild (1972) The adsorption of N can be related to the OM content of these soils. According to other data obtained for similar soils (Tosso 1985), the organic C concentration in the topsoil for each soil was 5.6, 13.3 and 4.3% for Osorno, Chiloé and Cudico, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…where Nt is the mineralization (in mg N kg ) at time t (in days), No is the potential mineralization (mg kg -1 dry soil) and k is the rate of the process (day Nitrogen and ammonium adsorption in the soil profile For NO 3 -adsorption (i.e., soil retention), we followed the methodology developed by Wild (1972). The soil used was collected at different depths as described in Section 2.1.…”

Section: Mineralizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential mineralization and nitrification in volcanic grassland soils in Chile

Cardenas

Hatch

Scholefield

et al. 2013

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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A proportion of the nitrogen (N) applied to grasslands as organic or inorganic fertilizers can be lost to water courses as nitrate and to the atmosphere as nitrous and nitric oxides. Volcanic soils from Chile are not generally prone to leaching, possibly due to net immobilization of nitrate and/or ammonium, and/or due to inhibition of nitrification by either chemical or physical processes. In laboratory studies we found large mineralization potentials in soils from three different Chilean soils after 17 weeks of incubation, totalling 215 and 254 mg kg -1 dry soil for two Andisols and 127 mg kg -1 dry soil in an Ultisol. Nitrification occurred after a short period, and was lowest in the Ultisol. In addition, microbial analysis showed nitrifiers to be present in all three soils. Adsorption of ammonium was two-fold stronger than for nitrate, ranging from 29 to 180 kg N ha ), but was similar in both Andisols (193 and 172 kg N ha -1 , respectively). The combination of ammonium retention together with delayed nitrification could account for the low leaching rates in these soils.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Mineralizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential mineralization and nitrification in volcanic grassland soils in Chile

Cardenas

Hatch

Scholefield

et al. 2013

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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“…2a). Although nitrate-N may lag behind the advancing water front because of adsorption onto positively charged sites in soil (Wild, 1972 ;Wong et al, 1987), preferential flow in larger channels or bypass flow (Smaling and Bouma, 1992) had a greater influence on the results from this study as miscible displacement could not have moved nitrate to a depth of 1.2 m after < 100 mm leachate. The NdfF value showed only small fluctuations after the initial decrease from the maximum value.…”

Section: Leaching Of Fertilizer-nmentioning

confidence: 80%

Leaching and crop recovery of15N from ammonium sulphate and labelled maize (Zea mays) material in lysimeters at a site in Zimbabwe

Kamukondiwa

Bergström

1994

Plant Soil

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The fate of 15N-ammonium sulphate fertilizer that was applied to four lysimeters in the 1990/91 summer was studied over three consecutive growing seasons during which either maize or wheat was grown. Aboveground portions of tSN-labelled maize plants from the first harvest were applied to four other lysimeters at 5 t ha -1. Two lysimeters in each of the sets of four were assigned a low and a high moisture treatment using irrigation. In both moisture treatments, plant recovery of fertilizer-15N in the first season was 27 % and a further 2% was recovered by plants during the next two seasons. During the second and third seasons, total recovery of 15N by aboveground plant portions from lysimeters that received t5N-labelled maize material was equivalent to 2.5% of applied fertilizer-15N. This corresponded to ca. 18% recovery of the 15N added in maize material. Leaching of fertilizer-N over the three growing seasons did not exceed 0.3% in total. During the first season, a maximum of 0.25 kg N ha -I , equivalent to 0.25% of the applied fertilizer-N, was leached in the high moisture treatment. This represented 1.8% of the nitrate load in leachates. Less than 0.002% of the applied fertilizer-N was leached in the low moisture treatment during the first season.

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“…This is particularly so in the highly permeable Ultisols and Oxisols in the humid regions where precipitation greatly exceeds evapotranspiration during the growing season. Leaching losses may also occur, though to a lesser extent, in the drier areas [43,84]. In a continuously cropped lowland area of south western Nigeria, Adetunji [3] estimated that about 30% of the N applied to maize was leached below the root zone.…”

Section: Nitrate Leaching and Pollution Of Groundwater Beneath Porousmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen losses and fertilizer N use efficiency in irrigated porous soils

Aulakh

Bijay‐Singh

1996

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

102

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Porous soils are characterized by high infiltration, low moisture retention and poor fertility due to limitation of organic matter and nitrogen (N). However, wherever irrigated and properly managed, these are among the most productive soils in the world. For sustained productivity and prevention of N related pollution problems, fertilizer N management in porous soils needs to be improved by reducing losses of N via different mechanisms. Losses of N through ammonia volatilization are not favoured in porous soils provided fertilizer N is applied before an irrigation or rainfall event. Ammonium N transported to depth along with percolating water cannot move back to soil surface where it is prone to be lost as NH3. Under upland conditions nitrification proceeds rapidly in porous soils. Due to high water percolation rates in porous soils, continuous flooding for rice production usually cannot be maintained and alternate flood and drained conditions are created. Nitrification proceeds rapidly during drained conditions and nitrates thus produced are subsequently reduced to N2 and N20 through denitrification upon reflooding. Indirect N-budget estimates show that up to 50% of the applied N may be lost via nitrification-denitrification in irrigated porous soils under wetland rice.High soil nitrate N levels and sufficient downward movement of rain water to move nitrate N below the rooting depth are often encountered in soils of humid and subhumid zones, to a lesser extent in soils of semiarid zone and quite infrequently, if at all in arid zone soils. The few investigations carried out with irrigated porous soils do not show substantial leaching losses of N beyond potential rooting zone even under wetland rice. However, inefficient management of irrigation water and fertilizer N particularly with shallow rooted crops may lead to pollution of groundwater due to nitrate leaching. At a number of locations, groundwater beneath irrigated porous soils is showing increased nitrate N concentrations. Efficient management of N for any cropping system in irrigated porous soils can be achieved by plugging losses of N via different mechanisms leading to both high crop production and minimal pollution of the environment.

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Nitrate Leaching Under Bare Fallow at a Site in Northern Nigeria

Cited by 83 publications

References 14 publications

Potential mineralization and nitrification in volcanic grassland soils in Chile

Potential mineralization and nitrification in volcanic grassland soils in Chile

Leaching and crop recovery of15N from ammonium sulphate and labelled maize (Zea mays) material in lysimeters at a site in Zimbabwe

Nitrogen losses and fertilizer N use efficiency in irrigated porous soils

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