Nitric acid scavenging by mineral and biomass burning aerosols

Tabazadeh, A.; Jacobson, Mark Z.; Singh, H. B.; Toon, O. B.; Lin, Jin-Sheng; Chatfield, R. B.; Thakur, A. N.; Talbot, R. W.; Dibb, Jack E.

doi:10.1029/1998gl900062

Cited by 108 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Laboratory experiments have shown that HNO 3 uptake on mineral dust is promoted by its alkalinity Underwood et al, 2001;Michel et al, 2002;Hanisch and Crowley, 2003). Field measurements also support HNO 3 uptake (Tabazadeh et al, 1998;Thakur et al, 1999). Rapid sedimentation of nitrate on mineral dust could reduce recycling of NO x from HNO 3 , and in turn O 3 , with lower tropospheric O 3 decreases of 8-30% over and downwind of deserts (Bian et al, 2003;Bauer et al, 2004;Umann et al, 2005;Liao et al, 2005).…”

Section: Heterogeneous Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 91%

Remote sensed and in situ constraints on processes affecting tropical tropospheric ozone

et al. 2007

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Abstract. We use a global chemical transport model (GEOSChem) to evaluate the consistency of satellite measurements of lightning flashes and ozone precursors with in situ measurements of tropical tropospheric ozone. The measurements are tropospheric O 3 , NO 2 , and HCHO columns from the GOME satellite instrument, lightning flashes from the OTD and LIS satellite instruments, profiles of O 3 , CO, and relative humidity from the MOZAIC aircraft program, and profiles of O 3 from the SHADOZ ozonesonde network. We interpret these multiple data sources with our model to better understand what controls tropical tropospheric ozone. Tropical tropospheric ozone is mainly affected by lightning NO x and convection in the upper troposphere and by surface emissions in the lower troposphere. Scaling the spatial distribution of lightning in the model to the observed flashes improves the simulation of O 3 in the upper troposphere by 5-20 ppbv versus in situ observations and by 1-4 Dobson Units versus GOME retrievals of tropospheric O 3 columns. A lightning source strength of 6±2 Tg N/yr best represents in situ observations from aircraft and ozonesonde. Tropospheric NO 2 and HCHO columns from GOME are applied to provide topdown constraints on emission inventories of NO x (biomass burning and soils) and VOCs (biomass burning). The topdown biomass burning inventory is larger than the bottom-up inventory by a factor of 2 for HCHO and alkenes, and by a factor of 2.6 for NO x over northern equatorial Africa. These emissions increase lower tropospheric O 3 by 5-20 ppbv, improving the simulation versus aircraft observations, and by 4 Dobson Units versus GOME observations of tropospheric O 3 columns. Emission factors in the a posteriori inventory are more consistent with a recent compilation from in situ measurements. The ozone simulation using two different dy-

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Section: Heterogeneous Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 91%

Remote sensed and in situ constraints on processes affecting tropical tropospheric ozone

et al. 2007

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“…It indicates that mineral dust particles are also transported into the upper troposphere by convection. 22,23 Therefore, it is significant to investigate the dependence of rate constants on the temperature for the heterogeneous reactions of trace gases on mineral dust particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Dependence of the Heterogeneous Reaction of Carbonyl Sulfide on Magnesium Oxide

2008

J. Phys. Chem. A

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The experimental determination of rate constants for atmospheric reactions and how these rate constants vary with temperature remain a crucially important part of atmosphere science. In this study, the temperature dependence of the heterogeneous reaction of carbonyl sulfide (COS) on magnesium oxide (MgO) has been investigated using a Knudsen cell reactor and a temperature-programmed reaction apparatus. We found that the adsorption and the heterogeneous reaction are sensitive to temperature. The initial uptake coefficients (γ t (Ini)) of COS on MgO decrease from 1.07 ( 0.71 × 10 -6 to 4.84 ( 0.60 × 10 -7 with the increasing of temperature from 228 to 300 K, and the steady state uptake coefficients (γ t (SS)) increase from 5.31 ( 0.06 × 10 -8 to 1.68 ( 0.41 × 10 -7 with the increasing of temperature from 240 to 300 K. The desorption rate constants (k des ) were also found to increase slightly with the enhancement of temperature. The empirical formula between the uptake coefficients, desorption rate constants and temperature described in the form of Arrhenius expression were obtained. The activation energies for the heterogeneous reaction and desorption of COS on MgO were measured to be 11.02 ( 0.34 kJ‚mol -1 and 6.30 ( 0.81 kJ‚mol -1 , respectively. The results demonstrate that the initial uptake of COS on MgO is mainly contributed by an adsorption process and the steady state uptake is due to a catalytic reaction. The environmental implication was also discussed.

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“…During dust storm events particle mass densities of up to 4650 µg m −3 are measured in the lower troposphere (Alfaro et al, 2003). Even at altitudes of 10 to 12 km, up to 500 ppt of mineral ions can be found in aerosol samples, indicating that these particles are also transported into the upper troposphere (Tabazadeh et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics and mechanism of the uptake of N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> on mineral dust at 298 K

Seisel

Börensen²,

Vogt³

et al. 2005

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. The heterogeneous reaction of N 2 O 5 with mineral (Saharan) dust has been studied at T=298 K using a combination of Knudsen and DRIFTS cells for kinetic and product investigations, respectively. The initial uptake coefficient has been determined to be γ =(8.0±0.3)·10 −2 . This uptake slowly saturates into a steady state uptake of γ =(1.3±0.3)·10 −2 suggesting that reaction of N 2 O 5 with the mineral dust surface and hydrolysis of N 2 O 5 on the surface take place simultaneously. Both uptake coefficients have been calculated on the basis of the geometric (projected) surface area of the sample and must therefore be regarded as upper limits. In addition, the product investigations show that N 2 O 5 is irreversibly taken up to form nitrate on the surface. Recent model calculations suggest that the uptake rates of N 2 O 5 on Saharan dust which we measured may be large enough to influence the photo-oxidant budget of the atmosphere.

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Nitric acid scavenging by mineral and biomass burning aerosols

Abstract: Abstract. The abundance of gas phase nitric acid in the upper troposphere is overestimated by global chemistry-transport models, especially during the spring and summer seasons.

Cited by 108 publications

References 23 publications

Remote sensed and in situ constraints on processes affecting tropical tropospheric ozone

Remote sensed and in situ constraints on processes affecting tropical tropospheric ozone

Temperature Dependence of the Heterogeneous Reaction of Carbonyl Sulfide on Magnesium Oxide

Kinetics and mechanism of the uptake of N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> on mineral dust at 298 K

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Nitric acid scavenging by mineral and biomass burning aerosols

Abstract: Abstract. The abundance of gas phase nitric acid in the upper troposphere is overestimated by global chemistry-transport models, especially during the spring and summer seasons.

Cited by 108 publications

References 23 publications

Remote sensed and in situ constraints on processes affecting tropical tropospheric ozone

Remote sensed and in situ constraints on processes affecting tropical tropospheric ozone

Temperature Dependence of the Heterogeneous Reaction of Carbonyl Sulfide on Magnesium Oxide

Kinetics and mechanism of the uptake of N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt; on mineral dust at 298 K

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Kinetics and mechanism of the uptake of N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> on mineral dust at 298 K