Nitric oxide burst and nitric oxide-dependent gene induction in plants

Huang, Xi; Kiefer, Evi; Rad, Uta von; Ernst, D.; Foissner, Ilse; Durner, Jörg

doi:10.1016/s0981-9428(02)01401-8

Cited by 40 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Third, certain bacteria (e.g. Nocardia (24)) have been shown to possess nitric-oxide synthases similar to those reported in certain plants (25) and mammalian systems, suggesting a role for NO in bacterial physiology. These findings suggest an interplay between NO-producing and NO-consuming activities of physiological relevance in non-denitrifying bacteria.…”

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confidence: 70%

Nitric Oxide Formation by Escherichia coli

Corker

Poole

2003

Journal of Biological Chemistry

160

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Nitric oxide (NO) is a key signaling and defense molecule in biological systems. The bactericidal effects of NO produced, for example, by macrophages are resisted by various bacterial NO-detoxifying enzymes, the best understood being the flavohemoglobins exemplified by Escherichia coli Hmp. However, many bacteria, including E. coli, are reported to produce NO by processes that are independent of denitrification in which NO is an obligatory intermediate. We demonstrate using an NOspecific electrode that E. coli cells, grown anaerobically with nitrate as terminal electron acceptor, generate significant NO on adding nitrite. The periplasmic cytochrome c nitrite reductase (Nrf) is shown, by comparing Nrf ؉ and Nrf ؊ mutants, to be largely responsible for NO generation. Surprisingly, an hmp mutant did not accumulate more NO but, rather, failed to produce detectable NO. Anaerobic growth of the hmp mutant was not stimulated by nitrate, and the mutant failed to produce periplasmic cytochrome ( Nitric oxide (nitrogen monoxide, NO)1 is a molecule of major importance in biological systems where it plays signaling, vasodilatory, and cytotoxic roles. Recent attention has focused on NO synthesis from the sequential oxidation of L-arginine by NO synthases in eukaryotic cells (1), their mitochondria (2), and certain bacteria (3). NO is also an obligate intermediate in denitrification, the process by which certain bacteria sequentially reduce nitrate ion to dinitrogen (4, 5). However, several representatives of the "non-denitrifying" Enterobacteriaceae, including Escherichia coli, grown anaerobically with nitrate, were shown to produce up to one-twentieth of the NO produced by denitrifiers. NO production from nitrite, measured by the nitrosation of 2,3-diaminonaphthalene (DAN) (6) was proposed to involve enzymatic reduction of nitrite to NO followed by oxygen-dependent DAN nitrosation. NO production has also been shown in Serratia marcescens (7), Bacillus cereus (8), three species of methanotrophic bacteria (9), and the green micro alga Scenedesmus obliquus (10). Ji and Hollocher (11) concluded that nitrite-dependent NO production by E. coli was due to the activity of the membrane-associated (dissimilatory) nitrate reductase. Nitrate reductase exhibited at all stages of its purification a nitrite reductase activity, which was strongly inhibited by nitrate and azide.More recent evidence for NO production by E. coli has come from expression of the Paracoccus denitrificans transcription factor NNR in E. coli. This protein is activated by NO, and transcription of a target melR-lacZ promoter in E. coli was attributed to formation of NO (or related species) from nitrate by molybdenum-dependent nitrite reductase (12). NO production from nitrite, however, was not dependent on molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis.Since the initial reports of NO production by E. coli (6, 13), advances have been made that prompt a reinvestigation. First, sensitive NO electrodes with markedly improved selectivity have been developed (14). Second, several prote...

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confidence: 70%

Nitric Oxide Formation by Escherichia coli

Corker

Poole

2003

Journal of Biological Chemistry

160

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“…NO also promotes adaptive responses against drought stress operating downstream from ABA (Mata and Lamattina, 2001), and it has been implicated in the establishment of legume Rhyzobium symbiosis (Hérouart et al, 2002). In plant disease resistance, NO plays a role by enhancing the induction of hypersensitive response (Delledonne et al, 1998;Durner et al, 1998;Huang et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric oxide is involved in growth regulation and re-orientation of pollen tubes

2004

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Nitric oxide (NO) controls diverse functions in many cells and organs of animals. It is also produced in plants and has a variety of effects, but little is known about their underlying mechanisms. In the present study, we have discovered a role for NO in the regulation of pollen tube growth, a fast tip-growing cellular system. Pollen tubes must be precisely oriented inside the anatomically complex female ovary in order to deliver sperm. We hypothesized that NO could play a role in this guidance and tested this hypothesis by challenging the growth of pollen tubes with an external NO point source. When a critical concentration was sensed, the growth rate was reduced and the growth axis underwent a subsequent sharp reorientation, after which normal growth was attained. This response was abrogated in the presence of the NO scavenger CPTIO and affected by drugs interfering in the cGMP signaling pathway. The sensitivity threshold of the response was significantly augmented by sildenafil citrate (SC), an inhibitor of cGMP-specific phosphodiesterases in animals. NO distribution inside pollen tubes was investigated using DAF2-DA and was shown to occur mostly in peroxisomes. Peroxisomes are normally excluded from the tip of pollen tubes and little if any NO is found in the cytosol of that region. Our data indicate that the rate and orientation of pollen tube growth is regulated by NO levels at the pollen tube tip and suggest that this NO function is mediated by cGMP

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“…Nitric oxide (NO) has been identified as an essential molecule that mediates defense gene activation in plants (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). It has been demonstrated that NO generation was one of the earliest responses in incompatible plant-pathogen interactions and suppression of NO production led to increased susceptibility to attack (9,10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Verticillium dahliae toxins-induced nitric oxide production in Arabidopsis is major dependent on nitrate reductase

Shi¹,

Li²

2008

BMB Reports

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The source of nitric oxide (NO) in plants is unclear and it has been reported NO can be produced by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) like enzymes and by nitrate reductase (NR). Here we used wild-type, Atnos1 mutant and nia1, nia2 NR-deficient mutant plants of Arabidopsis thaliana to investigate the potential source of NO production in response to Verticillium dahliae toxins (VD-toxins). The results revealed that NO production is much higher in wild-type and Atnos1 mutant than in nia1, nia2 NR-deficient mutants. The NR inhibitor had a significant effect on VD-toxins-induced NO production; whereas NOS inhibitor had a slight effect. NR activity was significantly implicated in NO production. The results indicated that as NO was induced in response to VD-toxins in Arabidopsis, the major source was the NR pathway. The production of NOS-system appeared to be secondary. [BMB reports 2008; 41(1): 79-85]

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Nitric oxide burst and nitric oxide-dependent gene induction in plants

Cited by 40 publications

References 41 publications

Nitric Oxide Formation by Escherichia coli

Nitric Oxide Formation by Escherichia coli

Nitric oxide is involved in growth regulation and re-orientation of pollen tubes

Verticillium dahliae toxins-induced nitric oxide production in Arabidopsis is major dependent on nitrate reductase

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