Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity in the Regulation of Bladder Blood Flow in Guinea Pigs Following Antigen Induced Inflammation

Baselli, Edgar C.; Filer‐Maerten, Sharon; Puig, R.; Pontari, Michel A.; Ruggieri, Michael R.

doi:10.1097/00005392-199904020-00234

Cited by 1 publication

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“…The cytokine interleukin 6 (an inhibitor of NOS) is elevated in urine from patients with interstitial cystitis [108]. In animal models of interstitial cystitis, decreased NOS activity is associated with alterations in bladder perfusion during the micturition process [109]. The intravesical administration of DMSO, used for the symptomatic relief of interstitial cystitis, stimulates the release of NO from bladder afferents [110].…”

Section: Inflammatory Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric oxide in the lower urinary tract: physiological and pathological implications

Mumtaz¹,

Ma²,

Thompson

et al. 2000

BJU International

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NO is neither pre-stored nor packed in vesicles but is produced on demand. It then diffuses randomly from its site of production, being highly membrane-permeable. Endogenous NO is formed by the hydroxylation of Larginine to citrulline [14], a reaction catalysed by one of the three isoforms of NO synthase (NOS) [15]. Because NO has a short half-life (0.1±6 s) and is very reactive, NO physiology has largely been investigated indirectly by techniques that identify the distribution and activity of the NOS isoforms (Table 1). These distinct isoforms of NOS have been named after the cells in which they were ®rst isolated, puri®ed and cloned [15]. Each NOS isoform, i.e. endothelial (eNOS), neuronal (nNOS) and macrophage inducible (iNOS), varies considerably in subcellular location, structure, kinetics, regulation and function [15]. Each of the enzymes is a product of a unique gene, located on human chromosomes 7 (eNOS), 12 (nNOS) and 17 (iNOS) [15]. Both nNOS and eNOS are normal constituents of cells and are termed constitutive. The activity of both eNOS and nNOS is transient (minutes) and is triggered by Ca 2+ -elevating agonists [16]. In contrast, iNOS is not present in resting

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Section: Inflammatory Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%