Nitroethane

Cossum, Paul A.; Beauchamp, Robert O.; Rickert, Douglas E.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-81316-9.50063-3

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Die orale Gabe von 1260 mg/kg KG an Kaninchen führte zu einem Nitroethan-Gehalt von bis zu 1,1 mg/ml im Blut, die inhalative Exposition gegen 13 500 ml/m 3 ergab im Blut Nitroethan-Werte von bis zu 2,7 mg/ml nach 360 Minuten und bei Exposition gegen 2700 ml/m 3 Werte von bis zu 0,36 mg/ml nach 500 Minuten. Die Nitrit-und Nitrat-Gehalte im Blut stiegen während der Exposition an (k. w. A.; Cossum et al 1990).…”

Section: Aufnahme Verteilung Ausscheidungunclassified

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Nitroethan [MAK Value Documentation in German language, 2017]

Hartwig

2017

The MAK‐Collection for Occupational Health and Safety

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The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has re‐evaluated the maximum concentration at the workplace (MAK value) for nitroethane [ 79‐24‐3 ], considering the endpoints local and systemic toxicity as well as developmental toxicity. Nitroethane acts locally as well as systemically. A 13‐week study in rats and mice found significantly increased methaemoglobin levels accompanied by changes in the spleen as critical effects. A NOAEC was not obtained. Based on the LOAEC of 100 ml/m 3 and taking into consideration the higher sensitivity of humans and the possibility of effects increasing with time, the MAK value for nitroethane is lowered to 10 ml/m 3 . Degeneration, inflammation and hyperplasia of the olfactory epithelium occur at higher exposure concentrations. As the critical effect is systemic, the assignment to Peak Limitation Category II is retained as well as the excursion factor of 4. Because there are no studies on developmental toxicity with pure nitroethane, the assignment to Pregnancy Risk Group D is also confirmed. Skin contact may contribute significantly to systemic toxicity and nitroethane is designated with an “H”. Sensitization is not expected from the limited data.

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Section: Aufnahme Verteilung Ausscheidungunclassified

“…Nitroethan wird außerdem in vitro durch die Glukose-Oxidase in Acetaldehyd, Nitrit, Wasserstoffperoxid und in geringen Mengen auch in Nitrat und Dinitroethan umgewandelt (Porter und Bright 1977). Die Rolle der Oxidasen bei der Metabolisierung des Nitroethans in vivo ist jedoch nicht bekannt (Cossum et al 1990).…”

Section: Abb 2 Tautomerie Des Nitroethansunclassified