Nitrofurantoin: friend or foe?

Kapral, Nicole; Saxena, Rovin; Sule, Anupam A; Markle, Brian

doi:10.1136/bcr-2018-225629

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 6 publications

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“…Secondly, all pharmacological and non-drug therapeutic measures actively stimulate or suppress immunological reactivity, which leads to the suppression of anti-infectious resistance or induction of auto-aggressive and allergic reactions. Thirdly, diagnostic invasive and non-invasive procedures, on the one hand, also significantly distort the intensity and nature of protective reactions, whereas on the other hand result in infectious contamination of the examined patients with hospital aggressive or opportunistic microorganisms that cause the chronic course of infectious processes and resistance to treatment (Kapral et al 2018, Verwijs et al 2019). These processes exacerbate immunological disorders in patients, form a vicious circle of aggravation of purulent-inflammatory diseases, cause their recurrence, and form a negative background for the development of complications (Bove et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune-metabolic genesis of pathological processes

Земсков¹,

Berezhnova²,

Zemskova³

et al. 2019

RRP

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This article deals with metabolic-immune processes at rest and under stress conditions, which, in turn, results in the development of immune-dependent and immune-associated disorders. The article analyzes study results and conclusions of various literature sources and experimental data in healthy individuals and patients suffering from non-specific inflammatory lung diseases; purulent-inflammatory diseases and their combinations, primary and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis in the acute stage and remission. Research studies investigated the impact of the type, stage, combination of diseases on the parameters of the immunologic and metabolic statuses, as well as their correlations. The authors also analyzed metabolic effects of immunomodulators. Based on the analysis of the literature and own clinical and experimental data, the authors identified the ability of metabolic factors to regulate immunological processes. A correlative analysis of examination results of the patients with various diseases helped detect the unity of the immune-metabolic mechanisms of pathology. The data on the therapeutic effect of various modulators through differentiated biochemical chains and vice versa -the metabolic effect through immunological mechanisms -were analyzed in the study. Thus, one can testify that there is the phenomenon of a mediated effect of some immunocorrectors on the reactivity through metabolic chains. The fact that a number of modulators and metabolics can simultaneously affect the biochemical and immunological parameters of patients proved the above phenomenon. There was revealed a significant correlation interaction of the immune-metabolic parameters with various types of purulent-inflammatory diseases, which proves the formation of a single mechanism of pathology. Keywordsimmunomodulators, immunotropic effect, immuno-metabolic parameters, metabolics.Note: parameters of the standard formulas of the immune system disorders and metabolic disorders included in the key risk factors are given in bold; GP -glutathione reductase, GR -glutathione reductase, CIC -circulating immune complexes, VE -vitamin E, NK -natural killers, MDA -malonic dialdehyde, PPMS -primary progressive forms, SPMS -secondary progressive forms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune-metabolic genesis of pathological processes

Земсков¹,

Berezhnova²,

Zemskova³

et al. 2019

RRP

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Long-term nitrofurantoin: an analysis of complication awareness, monitoring, and pulmonary injury cases

et al. 2021

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BackgroundLong-term nitrofurantoin (NF) treatment can result in pulmonary and hepatic injury. Current guidelines do not outline the type or frequency of monitoring required for detection of these injuries.AimsTo assess (1) awareness of NF complications among prescribers, (2) monitoring practice and (3) to describe the pulmonary sequelae of NF-related complications.Methods(1) Electronic questionnaire to prescribers, interrogating prescribing/monitoring practices and awareness of complications; (2) Case-note review (June-July 2020) of NF monitoring among general practitioners (GPs) in our local clinical commissioning group; (3) Case review of patients diagnosed with nitrofurantoin-induced interstitial lung disease (NFILD) at our interstitial lung disease (ILD) centre (2014-2020).Results125 prescribers of long-term NF responded to the questionnaire (82% GPs; 12% urologists). Many were unaware of the potential for liver (42%) and lung (28%) complications. 41% and 53% never monitored for these, respectively. Only 53% of urologists believed themselves responsible for arranging monitoring, whilst nearly all GPs believed this to be the prescriber’s responsibility (94%). One third of all respondents considered current British National Formulary (BNF) guidelines “not at all sufficient/clear”, with mean clarity scoring of 2.2/5. Amongst NFILD patients (n=46), NF had been prescribed most often (70%) for treatment of recurrent UTI and 59% (n=27) were prescribed for >6 months. Upon withdrawal of the medication 61% displayed resolution (completely/minimal fibrosis), whilst 16% of patients had progressive lung fibrosis.ConclusionNF can cause marked or irreversible lung complications and there is currently a shortfall in awareness and monitoring. Existing monitoring guidelines should be augmented.

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Immunotherapy in the treatment of chronic cystitis

Kulintsova¹,

Земсков²,

Бережнова³

2018

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Introduction: The article deals with to the new approaches to the immunotherapy of chronic cystitis. Cystitis appears to be a disease linked to the decreased immunity of the population. Materials and Methods: The study included 200 patients with chronic cystitis, and was performed in three stages. At the first stage, all 200 patients were questioned to determine whether they do or do not have the basic immunopathological syndromes. At the second stage, the patients of 6 clinical groups underwent a routine immunologic examination using tests to evaluate basic populations, lymphocyte subpopulations, immune globulins, circulating immune complexes, average weight molecules, absorbing and metabolic phagocytic ability, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines by using flow cytofluorometry methods. The third stage included distribution of the major group of patients with chronic cystitis in the relapse stage into subgroups of 25 patients each who received conventional therapy. Results and Discussion: The study has the following findings: the formation of risk groups depends on immunopathological syndromes and clinical-laboratory markers of disease peculiarities; signal tests of immunologic disorders and their correlative links with metabolic stress parameters were specified and formalized as diagnostic formulas; high clinical-bacteriological and low hemato-immunological efficacy of the conventional therapy patients with chronic cystitis and the capacity of the local and systemic modulators, such as kipferon, superlimf and imunofan, galavit, and their combinations, to normalize the parameters under study during 7-10 days were demonstrated. When combining the correctors, it was possible to achieve new quality independent of the properties of individual agents included in the composition; the reveal targets of various immune therapies were conditioned by the treatment provided, the characteristics of the correctors, the identification period – 7-10 days – 3-4 months. The analysis of the formulas of modulator targets made it possible to identify laboratory findings for their selection. Conclusion: The data obtained during the study support the fact that there was no clinical efficacy of the conventional therapy for patients; this efficacy was maintained through to the administration of the combination of modulators in the acute period. Substantiated differentiated immunotherapy resulted in implementing the proper algorithm of observations, which prevented recurring of chronic cystitis in 3-4 months.

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Nitrofurantoin: friend or foe?

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Immune-metabolic genesis of pathological processes

Immune-metabolic genesis of pathological processes

Long-term nitrofurantoin: an analysis of complication awareness, monitoring, and pulmonary injury cases

Immunotherapy in the treatment of chronic cystitis

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