Nitrofurazone and its Nitroheterocyclic Analogues: a Study of the Electrochemical Behavior in Aqueous Medium

Multi-walled carbon nanotube functionalization and the dispersing agents study applied for the glassy carbon electrode modification and voltammetric reduction of nitrofurazone

“…The CNT dispersions were evaluated by casting on GCE, considering the best electrochemical response corresponding to a well-defined four-electron voltammetric wave whose peak intensity was the highest value among the results, the systems being identified by the characteristic voltammetric behavior of nitrofurazone in aqueous media as previously registered [48][49][50]. Figure 2a and b shows a comparison among the current peak values (Ipc, 1 ) registered for the NF voltammetric reduction at pH 4.02 and 7.41, by using GCE modified with CNTs dispersed in the solvents described above.…”

“…Nitrofurazone was voltammetrically tested having GCE-CNT-F as a working electrode. NF follows the same electrochemical behavior of nitroheterocyclic compounds registered by cyclic voltammetry, in which the nitro group is irreversibly reduced in only one step to the hydroxylamine derivative (R-NHOH) in acidic medium, involving 4 electrons and 4 protons, as described below [18,[48][49][50][51] Figure 5 shows the cyclic voltammograms recorded with NF 0.1 mmol L −1 at pH 4.02, having GCE modified with CNTs (not-functionalized and functionalized) compared with non-modified GCE. It is clearly possible to observe that the highest peak current value (Ipc, 1 ) was obtained by using GCE-NTC-F in a ratio 32 times higher than GCE-SM, reinforcing that the nanotube functionalization favored the electronic transfer process.…”

The use of tungsten disulfide dots as highly selective, fluorescent probes for analysis of nitrofurazone

“…Nitrofurazone (NFZ, 5-nitro-2-furaldehyde semicarbazone) is a nitrofuran, which is the first therapeutic 5-nitrofuran drug [29]. NFZ is an effective fungicide, amoebicide and skin sensitizer, which resists various allergies and infections related to animals and humans [30].…”

Graphene-modified nickel foam electrode for cathodic degradation of nitrofuranzone: Kinetics, transformation products and toxicity

“…The CV tests were applied for the reduction of NFZ at different electrodes (Figure 2a). In the presence of NFZ, both, the Ni foam and the GR-Ni foam showed characteristic reduction peak of NFZ at -0.95 V (peaks c1 and a2) [24,26,37]. In addition, there appeared another reduction peak of NFZ at -0.60 V (peak a1) for the GR-Ni foam.…”

“…However, photolysis process greatly relies on adequate illumination or involve addition of catalysts, adsorption process is limited due to poor adsorption capacity towards low-concentration antibiotics, and advanced oxidation process involves catalysts or a great deal of reagents that lead to the secondary pollution. Compared to these methods, electrochemical method has been regarded as one of the most effective technology due to its environmental-friendly and high-efficiency properties [24][25][26]. It is believed that electrochemical reduction process is governed and affected by atomic H* mediation produced on noble metal catalysts [27,28].…”