Nitrogen Biogeochemistry and Surface–Subsurface Exchange in Streams

Duff, John H.; Triska, Frank J.

doi:10.1016/b978-012389845-6/50009-0

Cited by 113 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…[46] Evidence of NO À 3 production, possibly due to nitrification [Duff and Triska, 2000] was observed at several locations at Owego and many at Boyer. The presence of NO À 3 production at Boyer is assumed to be due to the consistent, moderately strong downwelling of stream water into the hyporheic zone, which allows for contact time between organic matter, DO, and organisms that may be adequate to promote nitrification.…”

Section: Patterns Of Biogeochemical Cycling Around Cross-vanesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial patterns of hyporheic exchange and biogeochemical cycling around cross‐vane restoration structures: Implications for stream restoration design

Gordon

Lautz

Daniluk

2013

Water Resources Research

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[1] Natural channel design restoration projects in streams often include the construction of cross-vanes, which are stone, dam-like structures that span the active channel. Vertical hyporheic exchange flux (HEF) and redox-sensitive solutes were measured in the streambed around four cross-vanes with different morphologies. Observed patterns of HEF and redox conditions are not dominated by a single, downstream-directed hyporheic flow cell beneath cross-vanes. Instead, spatial patterns of moderate (<0.4 m d À1 ) upwelling and downwelling are distributed in smaller cells around pool and riffle bed forms upstream and downstream of structures. Patterns of biogeochemical cycling are controlled by dissolved oxygen concentrations and resulting redox conditions, and are also oriented around secondary bed forms. Strong downwelling into the hyporheic zone (0.5-3.5 m d À1 ) was observed immediately upstream of structures, but was limited to an area 1-2 m from the cross-vane; these hyporheic flow paths likely rejoin the stream at the base of cross-vanes after residence times too short to alter nitrate concentrations or accumulate reaction products. Total hyporheic exchange volumes are $0.4% of stream discharge in restored reaches of 45-55 m. Results show that shallow hyporheic flow and associated biogeochemical cycling near cross-vanes is primarily controlled by secondary bed forms created or augmented by the cross-vane, rather than by the cross-vane itself. This study suggests that cross-vane restoration structures benefit the stream ecosystem by creating heterogeneous patches of varying HEF and redox conditions in the hyporheic zone, rather than by processing large amounts of nutrients to alter in-stream water chemistry.Citation: Gordon, R. P., L. K. Lautz, and T. L. Daniluk (2013), Spatial patterns of hyporheic exchange and biogeochemical cycling around cross-vane restoration structures: Implications for stream restoration design, Water Resour.

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Section: Patterns Of Biogeochemical Cycling Around Cross-vanesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial patterns of hyporheic exchange and biogeochemical cycling around cross‐vane restoration structures: Implications for stream restoration design

Gordon

Lautz

Daniluk

2013

Water Resources Research

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“…(e.g. Malcolm et al, 2002Malcolm et al, , 2004; , 1999;Storey et al, 2004;Duff and Triska, 1990;Hinkle et al, 2001;Jones et al, 1995;Findlay et al, 1993Findlay et al, , 2003Fisher et al, 1998;Hill and Cardaci, 2004;Zarnetzke et al, 2011a) as well as (ii) hyporheic flow paths and residence times (Zarnetzke et al, 2011b;Fisher et al, 1998;Bencala et al, 1993;Duff and Triska, 2000;Jones et al, 1995). Hence, a detailed understanding of groundwater-surface water exchange flow patterns is essential for the quantitative assessment of biogeochemical cycling at aquifer-river interfaces (White, 1993;Krause et al, 2011a).…”

Section: Motivation: the Importance Of Groundwatersurface Water Exchamentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating patterns and controls of groundwater up-welling in a lowland river by combining Fibre-optic Distributed Temperature Sensing with observations of vertical hydraulic gradients

Krause

Blume

Cassidy

2012

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

140

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Abstract. This paper investigates the patterns and controls of aquifer-river exchange in a fast-flowing lowland river by the conjunctive use of streambed temperature anomalies identified with Fibre-optic Distributed Temperature Sensing (FO-DTS) and observations of vertical hydraulic gradients (VHG).FO-DTS temperature traces along this lowland river reach reveal discrete patterns with "cold spots" indicating groundwater up-welling. In contrast to previous studies using FO-DTS for investigation of groundwater-surface water exchange, the fibre-optic cable in this study was buried in the streambed sediments, ensuring clear signals despite fast flow and high discharges. During the observed summer baseflow period, streambed temperatures in groundwater up-welling locations were found to be up to 1.5 • C lower than ambient streambed temperatures. Due to the high river flows, the cold spots were sharp and distinctly localized without measurable impact on down-stream surface water temperature.VHG patterns along the stream reach were highly variable in space, revealing strong differences even at small scales. VHG patterns alone are indicators of both, structural heterogeneity of the stream bed as well as of the spatial heterogeneity of the groundwater-surface water exchange fluxes and are thus not conclusive in their interpretation. However, in combination with the high spatial resolution FO-DTS data we were able to separate these two influences and clearly identify locations of enhanced exchange, while also obtaining information on the complex small-scale streambed transmissivity patterns responsible for the very discrete exchange patterns. The validation of the combined VHG and FO-DTS approach provides an effective strategy for analysing drivers and controls of groundwater-surface water exchange, with implications for the quantification of biogeochemical cycling and contaminant transport at aquifer-river interfaces.

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“…The addition of acetylene to aquatic sediments is also known to interfere with nitrification, methanogenesis, and sulphate reduction (see Seitzinger et al [1993] for a fuller discussion). In addition, acetylene block cannot be used to directly measure any dissimilatory reduction of nitrate to ammonium (DNRA) or assimilatory reduction of nitrate (Duff and Triska 2000). Even though the latter pathways of nitrate reduction have rarely been measured directly in freshwater sediments, and the existing evidence is conflicting (Burgin and Hamilton 2007), they have been dismissed as being of little importance in subsurface sediments (Rivett et al 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relative dearth of knowledge about pathways of dissimilatory nitrate reduction other than denitrification in the hyporheic zone is due, in part, to the widespread use of the acetylene block technique (Yoshinari et al 1977) to quantify denitrification (Duff and Triska 2000). Although the acetylene block assay gives a relative measure of denitrification potential, it cannot capture N 2 production via anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), which is known to play a significant role in N 2 production in estuarine and marine sediments (Dalsgaard et al 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hyporheic zone, however, can function as either a nitrogen source or sink depending upon the form of nitrogen present, availability of reactive substrates, and prevailing oxygen status of the subsurface sediments (Storey et al 2004). Much research has been devoted to understanding patterns of nitrate production and consumption within hyporheic zones across a variety of river systems (Holmes et al 1996;Duff and Triska 2000;Fischer et al 2005). Recently, though, the focus has shifted to the more applied perspective of the potential role of the hyporheic zone in attenuating anthropogenically derived nitrate at the interface of groundwater and surface-water exchange (Mulholland et al 2008(Mulholland et al , 2009Rivett et al 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Characterization of the key pathways of dissimilatory nitrate reduction and their response to complex organic substrates in hyporheic sediments

Lansdown

Trimmer

Heppell

et al. 2012

Limnology & Oceanography

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Laboratory incubations with river-bed sediment collected from riffles and pools were used to quantify potential pathways of dissimilatory nitrate reduction in the hyporheic zone of a groundwater-fed river. Sediments collected from between 5-cm and 86-cm depth in the bed of the River Leith, Cumbria, United Kingdom, were incubated with a suite of 15 N-labeled substrates ( 15 NO { 3 , 15 NH z 4 , and 14 NO { 3 ) to quantify nitrate reduction via denitrification, dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox). Denitrification was the dominant pathway of dissimilatory nitrate reduction in the hyporheic sediments, although recovery of 15 N from the ammonium pool indicated that DNRA was also active. The potential for anammox was confirmed by the production of 29 N 2 during the 15 NH z 4 and 14 NO { 3 incubation, but it was much smaller than denitrification. Potential rates of denitrification were highest in shallow sediments and decayed exponentially with depth thereafter. There were clear differences in denitrification activity between riffle and pool sediments. After the production of 15 N-N 2 had stabilized, we added a spike of bacteriological peptone to determine the effect of complex organic substrates on denitrification potential. The potential rate of denitrification increased uniformly at all sediment depths but the total amount of denitrification fueled by the organic substrates decreased markedly with depth, from 90% in the shallow sediments to 30% in the deepest sediments. In addition, a considerable fraction of the 15 NO { 3 could not be accounted for, which suggested that up to 87% of it had been assimilated in the deepest sediments.

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Nitrogen Biogeochemistry and Surface–Subsurface Exchange in Streams

Cited by 113 publications

References 56 publications

Spatial patterns of hyporheic exchange and biogeochemical cycling around cross‐vane restoration structures: Implications for stream restoration design

Spatial patterns of hyporheic exchange and biogeochemical cycling around cross‐vane restoration structures: Implications for stream restoration design

Investigating patterns and controls of groundwater up-welling in a lowland river by combining Fibre-optic Distributed Temperature Sensing with observations of vertical hydraulic gradients

Characterization of the key pathways of dissimilatory nitrate reduction and their response to complex organic substrates in hyporheic sediments

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