Nitrogen cycling in Brachiaria pastures: the key to understanding the process of pasture decline

Boddey, Robert M.; Macedo, Robert de Oliveira; Tarré, Ricardo Martinez; Ferreira, Elvino; Oliveira, O. C. de; Rezende, Cláudia de Paula; Cantarutti, Reinaldo Bertola; Pereira, José Marques; Alves, B. J. R.; Urquiaga, Segundo

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2003.12.010

Cited by 229 publications

(205 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…For example, very few data are available on ammonia loss from urine and dung in pastures under tropical conditions despite the fact that grazing is the major feeding system in beef production, which is rapidly growing in South America (Cederberg et al, 2009). A few studies indicate high NH 3 loss from urine applied on bare soils and Brachiaria grasses in Brazil (Boddey et al, 2004), considerably higher than what EFs of manure from pasture in temperate conditions indicate. Even in well-developed nations surprisingly little research on NH 3 emissions is published.…”

Section: Manurementioning

confidence: 90%

An LCA researcher's wish list – data and emission models needed to improve LCA studies of animal production

Cederberg

Henriksson

Berglund

2013

Animal

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The last decade has seen an increase in environmental systems analysis of livestock production, resulting in a significant number of studies with a holistic approach often based on life-cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. The growing public interest in global warming has added to this development; guidelines for carbon footprint (CF) accounting have been developed, including for greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting of animal products. Here we give an overview of methods for estimating GHG emissions, with emphasis on nitrous oxide, methane and carbon from land use change, presently used in LCA/CF studies of animal products. We discuss where methods and data availability for GHGs and nitrogen (N) compounds most urgently need to be improved in order to produce more accurate environmental assessments of livestock production. We conclude that the top priority is to improve models for N fluxes and emissions from soils and to implement soil carbon change models in LCA/CF studies of animal products. We also point at the need for more farm data and studies measuring emissions from soils, manure and livestock in developing countries.

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Section: Manurementioning

confidence: 90%

An LCA researcher's wish list – data and emission models needed to improve LCA studies of animal production

Cederberg

Henriksson

Berglund

2013

Animal

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“…Aproximadamente 80 a 90% das áreas de pastagens no Brasil são constituídas por forrageiras do gênero Brachiaria (Boddey et al, 2004). Mesmo sendo o gênero de forrageira mais estudada na pesquisa nacional, a maioria das pastagens de braquiária tem mostrado sinais de degradação em poucos anos de uso.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Nitrogênio e as características anatômicas, bromatológicas e agronômicas de cultivares de Brachiaria brizantha

et al. 2011

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RESUMOCom o objetivo de determinar algumas características anatômicas e físico-químicas de duas cultivares de Brachiaria brizantha, cvs. Marandu e MG-5 Vitória, colhidas aos 45 e 65 dias após o plantio, sob doses crescentes de nitrogênio (N), foi conduzido um experimento em vasos, em casa de vegetação do Departamento de Ciência do Solo da Universidade Federal de Lavras-UFLA, Lavras, MG. Foi utilizado o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com os tratamentos dispostos em esquema fatorial 2x2x5, sendo dois genótipos, duas idades de corte e cinco doses de N (0, 100, 200, 300 e 400 mg/dm³), com quatro repetições, totalizando 20 tratamentos e 80 unidades experimentais (vasos). As variáveis estudadas foram: densidade de perfilhos, diâmetros polar e equatorial dos estômatos nas superfícies adaxial e abaxial das folhas, teores de PB, FDN e FDA e coeficientes de DIVMS. Os resultados obtidos permitem verificar que o aumento das doses de N influencia positivamente a produção de MS nas duas idades de corte. A idade de corte influencia o número de perfilhos, a densidade e os diâmetros polar e equatorial dos estômatos e a cv. Vitória mostra-se mais plástica nas características estomáticas comparada à cv. Marandu. As doses mais altas de N proporcionam aumentos nos teores de PB e DIVMS. Os menores intervalos entre corte proporcionam os menores teores de FDN e FDA.Termos para indexação: Digestibilidade, estômatos, Marandu, MG -5 Vitória. ABSTRACTWith the objective of determining some anatomical and physicochemical characteristics of two cultivars of Brachiaria brizantha cvs. Marandu and MG-5 Vitória, harvested at 45 and 65 days after planting under growing doses of ,nitrogen (N), an assay was conducted in pots in greenhouse of the Science Department in the Federal University of Lavras -UFLA, Lavras, MG. An experimental randomized block design with the treatments arranged in a factorial scheme 2x2x5 was used, with, two genotypes, two cutting ages and five doses of N (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg/dm³) with four replicates totalizing to 20 treatments and 80 experimental units (pots). The variables studied were: tiller density, polar and equatorial diameters of stomata on the adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces, CP, NDF and ADF contents and IVDMD coefficients. The results allow to verify that increased doses of N influences positively DM yield at the two cutting ages. The cutting age influences the number o tillers, the density and polar and equatorial diameters of stomata and the cultivar Vitória presents more plastic in the stomata characteristics compared to the cultivar Marandu. Higher doses of N cause increase in the contents of CP and IVDMD. Lower inter-curtting intervals promoted the lowest contents of NDF and ADF.

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“…This result demonstrates that the organic waste exploitation, either in a conjunct form with silicate sources or not, is an interesting option to pastures fertilization. Thus, the use of these organic materials might contribute both to the reduction of expansive soluble fertilizers dependence, largely responsible for the rancher's resistance in fertilizing grazing areas (Boddey et al 2004), and to attend the crescent demand for fertilizers from the organic sector of production.…”

Section: Brachiaria Grass Growth and Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrients release from powder phonolite mediated by bioweathering actions

Tavares

Carvalho

Camargo

et al. 2018

Int J Recycl Org Waste Agricult

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Purpose Silicate rock powders have been appointed as possible nutrient alternative sources which might enhance the agricultural sector sustainability. However, the application of those materials directly in soil presents as main limitations the low content and solubility of the mineral nutrient sources. In this perspective, the aim of the present study was to evaluate, in a bioweathering perspective, the conjunct application potential of phonolite with organic composts over the nutrients release in soil, as well as the production and nutrition of brachiaria grass (Urochloa decumbens). In addition, it was sought to assess the composting process effectiveness in improving the nutrient release from this rock. Method An experiment was conducted with five treatments (control; enriched compost with powder rock at 10%; mixed compost with powder rock at 10%; solely powder rock; solely compost) and four repetitions. Results The alternative sources positively influenced the productivity, as well as the K and Si contents at the aerial part of the brachiaria grass and the nutrient release in soil. However, the conjunct applications of powder phonolite with organic composts were the source which the best promoted the total nutrient biorelease to soil. Conclusion Nevertheless, there was no evidence that the composting process promotes the phonolite bioweathering. On the other hand, the conjunct application of powder phonolite with organic composts, either as an initial component to the composting pile or additive to the stabilized composts, is a strategy which enhances the nutrient biorelease of the mineral source.

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Nitrogen cycling in Brachiaria pastures: the key to understanding the process of pasture decline

Cited by 229 publications

References 15 publications

An LCA researcher's wish list – data and emission models needed to improve LCA studies of animal production

An LCA researcher's wish list – data and emission models needed to improve LCA studies of animal production

Nitrogênio e as características anatômicas, bromatológicas e agronômicas de cultivares de Brachiaria brizantha

Nutrients release from powder phonolite mediated by bioweathering actions

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