Nitrogen deposition is negatively related to species richness and species composition of vascular plants and bryophytes in Swiss mountain grassland

Roth, Tobias; Kohli, Lukas; Rihm, Beat; Achermann, Beat

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2013.07.002

Cited by 78 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Excess N are detrimental to ecosystems by decreasing the species diversity and the plant productivity, altering the community structure, the carbon and nitrogen flux and the plantmicrobe relationships, etc. (Aber et al 2003;Ochoa-Hueso et al 2011;Roth et al 2013;Granath et al 2014;Liu et al 2014). The increasing nitrogen input can also alter the sensibility of ecosystem processes to temperature (McDonnell et al 2014;Zhang et al 2014).…”

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confidence: 98%

Effects of low-temperature stress on secondary metabolism in mosses exposed to simulated N deposition

Liu

Lei

Shu

et al. 2015

Plant Ecology & Diversity

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Background: Both nitrogen deposition and low-temperature stress (LTS) affect the secondary metabolism of plants, but few were known about the responses of secondary metabolism to combined LTS and nitrogen supply, especially for mosses. Aims: To investigate the effects of LTS on secondary metabolism in two mosses, Pogonatum cirratum subsp. fuscatum and Hypnum plumaeforme, under varied nitrate or ammonium supply rates. Methods: Indices of oxidative stress and secondary metabolism in two mosses that were subjected to different N application and LTS treatment were measured both before and after a period of 10-day recovery. Results: LTS-induced oxidative stress was exacerbated by combined N application. LTS inhibited superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in P. cirratum subsp. fuscatum, but in H. plumaeforme SOD activity it was insensitive. N application induced increases in L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity in both mosses, but the consequent changes in phenylpropanoid profiles in the mosses differed. LTS only changed the phenylpropanoid profiles. Levels of triterpenes were also affected by both N supply and LTS. In addition, levels of some secondary metabolites remained relatively high after 10-day recovery from LTS. Conclusions: N supply altered the responses of secondary metabolism to LTS. Some secondary metabolites may be stress memory substances associated with LTS of the mosses, with between-species differences.

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confidence: 98%

Effects of low-temperature stress on secondary metabolism in mosses exposed to simulated N deposition

Liu

Lei

Shu

et al. 2015

Plant Ecology & Diversity

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“…We then extracted geospatial estimates (Table S2) of N deposition, annual precipitation, mean annual temperature, and soil pH for each site. As in several previous studies in Europe (11,12,26), we used a correlative approach that cannot show direct causality but can nevertheless provide insight into the mechanisms involved in, and communities most susceptible to, loss of diversity as a result of N deposition. First, we analyzed relationships between plant species richness and N deposition involving interactions with precipitation, temperature, and soil pH within two broadly defined vegetation types (closed canopy forest vs. open canopy grasslands, shrublands, and woodlands).…”

Section: ·Ymentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditional vulnerability of plant diversity to atmospheric nitrogen deposition across the United States

Simkin

Allen

Bowman

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

316

236

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Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition has been shown to decrease plant species richness along regional deposition gradients in Europe and in experimental manipulations. However, the general response of species richness to N deposition across different vegetation types, soil conditions, and climates remains largely unknown even though responses may be contingent on these environmental factors. We assessed the effect of N deposition on herbaceous richness for 15,136 forest, woodland, shrubland, and grassland sites across the continental United States, to address how edaphic and climatic conditions altered vulnerability to this stressor. In our dataset, with N deposition ranging from 1 to 19 kg N·ha, we found a unimodal relationship; richness increased at low deposition levels and decreased above 8.7 and 13.4 kg N·ha −1 ·y−1 in open and closed-canopy vegetation, respectively. N deposition exceeded critical loads for loss of plant species richness in 24% of 15,136 sites examined nationwide. There were negative relationships between species richness and N deposition in 36% of 44 community gradients. Vulnerability to N deposition was consistently higher in more acidic soils whereas the moderating roles of temperature and precipitation varied across scales. We demonstrate here that negative relationships between N deposition and species richness are common, albeit not universal, and that fine-scale processes can moderate vegetation responses to N deposition. Our results highlight the importance of contingent factors when estimating ecosystem vulnerability to N deposition and suggest that N deposition is affecting species richness in forested and nonforested systems across much of the continental United States.nitrogen deposition | plant species richness | diversity | soil pH | climate

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“…N supplies due to atmospheric deposition also represent a non‐negligible source of rapidly available nutrients, estimated between 15 and 20 kg·ha −1 ·yr −1 in grasslands of the Swiss Jura Mountains in 2007 (Roth et al. ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of nitrogen inputs on multiple facets of plant biodiversity in mountain grasslands: does nutrient source matter?

Mauchamp

Mouly

Gillet

2015

Applied Vegetation Science

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Nitrogen deposition is negatively related to species richness and species composition of vascular plants and bryophytes in Swiss mountain grassland

Cited by 78 publications

References 35 publications

Effects of low-temperature stress on secondary metabolism in mosses exposed to simulated N deposition

Effects of low-temperature stress on secondary metabolism in mosses exposed to simulated N deposition

Conditional vulnerability of plant diversity to atmospheric nitrogen deposition across the United States

Impact of nitrogen inputs on multiple facets of plant biodiversity in mountain grasslands: does nutrient source matter?

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