Nitrogen doped porous carbon coated antimony as high performance anode material for sodium-ion batteries

Abstract

Sb holds the promise of being a high performance anode for sodium ion batteries(SIBs), while effective preparation of decent antimony(Sb) based anode materials for sodium storage is still under exploration. Herein, we propose a simple approach to achieve a high performance anode, using polyaniline as the carbon source and SbCl3 as the metal source. Synergetic polymerization and hydrolysis reactions combined with subsequent thermal reduction endow Sb/C-PANI electrode possessing ultrafine Sb nanoparticles symmetrically distributed in the nitrogen(N) doped porous carbon matrix. The Sb/C-PANI electrode exhibits excellent sodium storage performance, featured for a high reversible capacity of 469.5 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 100 mA g−1 and 336.5 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles under 500 mA g−1. Such impressive performance will advance the development of Sb based anode materials for sodium storage. The present approach provides a compatible strategy for preparation of anode materials with high reversible capacity and long lifespan.

Engineering Nanostructured Antimony-Based Anode Materials for Sodium Ion Batteries

“…In the above sections, many Sb-based anode materials, including pure Sb and Sb/ carbonaceous composites, have been reviewed. Additionally, conductive polymer is another promising candidate in the design of a robust nanostructure Sb-based anode [116,117]. For example, polyaniline (PANI) coating can further buffer the volume expansion and improve the diffusion rate of sodium ions in the electrode.…”

Anchoring atomic antimony in an intercalative Mo–S frameworkviasoft covalent bonding for fast-charging and long-lived sodium ion batteries

“…To address the above challenges of Sb-based anodes, carbon coating ( e.g. hard carbon, 13 porous carbon, 14 graphene, 15 carbon nanotubes, 16 etc .) is an extensively used method to physically encapsulate Sb particles and buffer the volume expansion caused by sodiation.…”

Ultrafast and ultrastable FeSe2 embedded in nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers anode for sodium-ion half/full batteries

“…Unfortunately, the FeSe 2 particles as anode materials exhibit low intrinsic conductivity, particle aggregation, and huge volume change during charging/discharging process, resulting in poor rate and cycling performance [25][26][27]. To address these challenges, designing nanostructured composites with carbon-based materials have been made to alleviate the volume expansion and improve the conductivity [28][29][30][31][32]. For instance, the olive-like FeSe 2 (FeSe 2 @NC) with an N-doped carbon shell was designed by in situ polymerization and selenization method and FeSe 2 @NC anode materials for SIBs possessed a rate capability of 228.4 mAh g −1 at 10 A g −1 and a reversible capacity of 246.5 mAh g −1 at 5 A g −1 after 1000 cycles [24].…”