Nitrogen‐Enriched Carbon from Melamine Resins with Superior Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity

Abstract

Catalytic carbon: Nitrogen‐doped porous carbon (CNx) electrocatalysts are derived from inexpensive melamine formaldehyde resins. These potential PEMFC catalysts are synthesized by using a facile method, which yields materials that contain a meso‐ and macroporous structure. The carbon‐based materials display attractive catalytic activity toward ORR and superior stability compared to a commercial Pt‐based catalyst.

Cobalt- and iron-containing nitrogen-doped carbon aerogels as non-precious metal catalysts for electrochemical reduction of oxygen

“…The ORR activity of these catalysts was similar to that of Pt/C in alkaline solution [57], but somewhat lower in acidic solution [56]. Rather similar results in acid media were also observed for the xerogels prepared using melamine in the synthesis instead of resorcinol [58]. For carbon aerogels prepared from melamine, formaldehyde and Fe or Co salts, the activity in acid solution was rather similar for Fe-and Cocontaining catalysts and both showed promising performance in direct methanol fuel cell [59].…”

“…Only one small peak was detected on both diffractograms, belonging to Co and Fe, respectively. Crystalline structures of metal oxides or nitrides were not observed unlike in previous cases [57,58]. The broad peak at 20-25°is assigned to the graphite (0 0 2) planes and indicates that the carbon structure is rather disordered.…”

“…However, as compared to Pt-based catalysts, the activity of these materials for ORR was still rather low [53][54][55]. Similarly to the other carbon materials, carbon aerogels or xerogels with considerably higher activity towards the ORR can be synthesised in the presence of transition metals (usually Co or Fe) during the carbonisation step [56][57][58][59][60][61][62]. For instance, the organic xerogels have been prepared by sol-gel polymerisation of resorcinol with formaldehyde in the presence of Co salt and N-doping has been achieved by pyrolysis in NH 3 atmosphere [56,57].…”

Porous nitrogen doped carbon foam with excellent resilience for self-supported oxygen reduction catalyst

“…However, they failed to show high catalytic activity towards ORR unless transition metals were incorporated [37][38][39]. In this paper, a nitrogen-doped carbon foam (NCF) with graphitized and porous carbon structure was fabricated by direct pyrolysis of melamine foam without using any metal catalyst.…”

High-performance removal of methyl mercaptan by nitrogen-rich coconut shell activated carbon

“…[20][21][22][23][24] Specically, nitrogendoped carbon materials can be used for the removal of small molecular toxic gases, such as CH 3 SH, NO 2 , and H 2 S.…”