Nitrogen Fixation and NO Conversion using Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor: Identification and Evolution of Products

Sustainable Non‐Thermal Plasma‐Assisted Nitrogen Fixation—Synergistic Catalysis

“…[47] On the other hand, Namihara et al focusedo nt he effect of temperatures on NO x synthesis. [44] The authors found that the ozone production could promote the formation of N 2 O 5 through oxidation of N 2 O 4 , which wasafurther step after the NO 2 synthesis of the mechanism proposed by Wang et al [37] (Figure 2). These findings supported one of the significant advantages of NTPNFt hat it is more suitable for distributed and small-scale synthesis rather than centralized production.…”

“…Ta ng et al characterizedi nd etail the gaseous product formed during the plasma-assisted nitrogen fixation process using FTIR. [44] The authors found that the ozone production could promote the formation of N 2 O 5 through oxidation of N 2 O 4 , which wasafurther step after the NO 2 synthesis of the mechanism proposed by Wang et al [37] (Figure 2). Regardingt he product characterization, Janda et al found that the NTPNF process favored NO 2 production at low lowf requencies (1-2kHz) whereas NO was formed more predominantly when the frequency increased to 3-8 kHz when considering almostt he same total-NO x -synthesis rates.…”

“…[31,33] Recently,W ang et al modelled the chemical kinetics of NO x production using gliding-arc plasma, including the conversion relationships between the excited nitrogen and oxygen speciesu nder plasma conditions for forming NO, as shown in Figure2; [37] .H ee ta l. agreed with this mechanism in al ater study and elaborated on its potential to lead to renewable energy storage. [42][43][44][45] The above-mentioneds tudies identified the key mechanisms and reactions of oxidizing nitrogen under atmospheric pressure andt emperature. [39] These results imply that preheating the nitrogeng as prior to the plasma exposure may likelye nhancet he conversion because heating increasesv ibrational energy.A lso, it is notablef rom this mechanism that two of the most significant intermediates for plasma-assisted NO x production are NO 2 and N 2 O, which agreedw ith previous findings from Castillo et al [40,41] The N 2 O molecules are mainly formedt hrough two main pathways,t he collisiono fr eactive nitrogen species with O 2 or the reaction betweenr eactive oxygen speciesO( 1 D) and NH radicals.…”

“…[39] These results imply that preheating the nitrogeng as prior to the plasma exposure may likelye nhancet he conversion because heating increasesv ibrational energy.A lso, it is notablef rom this mechanism that two of the most significant intermediates for plasma-assisted NO x production are NO 2 and N 2 O, which agreedw ith previous findings from Castillo et al [40,41] The N 2 O molecules are mainly formedt hrough two main pathways,t he collisiono fr eactive nitrogen species with O 2 or the reaction betweenr eactive oxygen speciesO( 1 D) and NH radicals. [42][43][44][45] The above-mentioneds tudies identified the key mechanisms and reactions of oxidizing nitrogen under atmospheric pressure andt emperature. Because high-temperature and -pressure processes are less profitablea nd safe when operated on farms, the moderate operating conditions will make this process more accessible to distributed and local farmingf acilities.…”

Review of low-temperature plasma nitrogen fixation technology

“…The concentration of NO 2 increases, while the concentrations of O 3 and NO both decrease, and the content of O 3 relative to NO x decreases significantly [ 87 ]. Tang et al discharged a nitrogen–oxygen mixture (6% oxygen) under a power of about 24 W; the concentration of NO x in 0.3 L/min gas was below 400 ppm [ 88 ]. This shows that DBD is not suitable for NO x synthesis, but the advantages of an easy combination with a catalyst should not be ignored in further research.…”