Nitrogen Fixation in an Ultrasonic Field

Virtanen, Artturi I.; Ellfolk, Nils

doi:10.1021/ja01158a532

Cited by 27 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…The latter is similar to the observation of previous reports, regarding the sonolysis of nitrogen solutions in water, where nitrate is only observed after longer periods of sonolysis than those used here or at lower pH values [47,48].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Quinone-enhanced sonochemical production of nitric oxide from s-nitrosoglutathione

Alegrı́a

Dejesús-Andino

Sanchez-Cruz

2009

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

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Sonolysis at 75 kHz of argon-and air-saturated aqueous solutions at pH 7.4 containing snitrosogluthathione (GSNO) enhances the production rate of nitric oxide (NO). The quinones, anthraquinone-2-sulfonate (AQ2S) and anthraquinone-2,7-disulfonate (AQ27S) further enhance the NO production over that produced in quinone-depleted sonicated solutions. In contrast, the hydrophobic quinones juglone (JQ) and 1,4-naphthoquinone (NQ) inhibit ultrasound-induced NO detection as compared to quinone-depleted solutions. Larger sonolytical decomposition of the hydrophobic quinones NQ and JQ, as compared to AQ2S and AQ27S, is detected which correlates with a larger production of pyrolysis-derived carbon-centered radicals. Reaction of those radicals with NO could explain NQ and JQ inhibition. This work suggests that sulfonated quinones could be used to enhance NO release from GSNO in tissues undergoing ultrasound irradiation.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Quinone-enhanced sonochemical production of nitric oxide from s-nitrosoglutathione

Alegrı́a

Dejesús-Andino

Sanchez-Cruz

2009

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

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“…Analysis of NO 2 - and NO 3 - in air-saturated water exposed for 5 min to ultrasound in the absence of the • NO-trapping agents revealed that 5.1 ± 0.4 μM of NO 2 - was formed. No NO 3 - could be detected in this system, confirming earlier results that show NO 3 - formation only after longer ultrasound exposure . Using (MGD) 2 Fe 2+ , we demonstrated that the total “trappable” • NO formed after 5 min of ultrasound in air-saturated water was 2.3 ± 0.3 μM (see above).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…In addition to these species, production of NO 2 -and NO 3 -was demonstrated in N 2 -containing aqueous solutions exposed to ultrasound. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Hart, Fischer, and Henglein postulated that the following reactions are involved in the formation of nitrite and nitrate by ultrasound in aqueous solutions containing argon and nitrogen: 11 They suggested that NO 2 -and NO 3 -are formed by subsequent oxidation of • NO by • O • and • OH. 11 Although a likely intermediate in the "hot" gas phase of cavitation bubbles, the formation of • NO has never been directly demonstrated, and the feasibility of its diffusion outside the cavitation bubble and hence its ability to exert biological effects in ultrasound-exposed systems has never been considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extreme temperatures and pressures in collapsing cavitation microbubbles are responsible for the known free radical-mediated chemical and biological effects of ultrasound. − Primary species produced by pyrolysis of water molecules in argon-saturated aqueous solutions exposed to ultrasound have been identified as • H atoms and • OH radicals, and H 2 , O 2 , H 2 O 2 , and O 2 •- 5 are formed in subsequent reactions. In addition to these species, production of NO 2 - and NO 3 - was demonstrated in N 2 -containing aqueous solutions exposed to ultrasound. − Hart, Fischer, and Henglein postulated that the following reactions are involved in the formation of nitrite and nitrate by ultrasound in aqueous solutions containing argon and nitrogen: 11 They suggested that NO 2 - and NO 3 - are formed by subsequent oxidation of • NO by • O • and • OH . Although a likely intermediate in the “hot” gas phase of cavitation bubbles, the formation of • NO has never been directly demonstrated, and the feasibility of its diffusion outside the cavitation bubble and hence its ability to exert biological effects in ultrasound-exposed systems has never been considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nitric Oxide Formation by Ultrasound in Aqueous Solutions

Mišı́k

Riesz

1996

J. Phys. Chem.

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In this study we demonstrate formation of nitric oxide in aqueous nitrogen-containing solutions exposed to 50 kHz cavitation-producing ultrasound (standard bath sonicator) using electron paramagnetic resonance detection of • NO by trapping with the sodium N-methyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate iron(II) complex ((MGD) 2 Fe 2+ ) or by measuring the conversion of the nitronyl nitroxide, 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-3-oxide-1-oxyl (carboxy-PTIO), to the imino nitroxide, 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl. The (MGD) 2 Fe 2+ complex which was used in most experiments was suitable for • NO detection over a wide pH range (pH 3-7.8; the working range for carboxy-PTIO was pH 6-8.5), and the measured rate constant of (MGD) 2 Fe 2+ reaction with • NO was 2.3 times higher than for carboxy-PTIO. In air-saturated water the rate of • NO production by ultrasound was ∼0.5 µM/min. The presence of dissolved oxygen was not essential for production of • NO; the highest yields of • NO (∼1.2 µM • NO/min) were found under an atmosphere of 40% N 2 and 60% argon. The formation of • NO by ultrasound in aqueous solutions can be understood in terms of combustion chemistry-type reactions occurring inside the "hot" collapsing cavitation bubbles. We also show that other N-containing molecules can serve as a source of nitrogen for • NO production. The possibility of ultrasound-mediated • NO formation to alleviate hypoxia of tumors should be explored.

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“…Accordingly, higher amounts of hydrogen peroxide would be obtained when oxygen or air dissolved in water. Sonochemical formation of nitrite and nitrate ions in aerated water has been well known [28][29][30] and the following pathway was proposed [31]. magnetite nanoparticles using hydrogen peroxide as oxidant [32].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles by reverse precipitation method: Contribution of sonochemically generated oxidants

Mizukoshi

Shuto

Masahashi

et al. 2009

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

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Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles were successfully prepared by a novel reverse precipitation method with the irradiation of ultrasound. TEM, XRD and SQUID analyses showed that the formed particles were magnetite (Fe3O4) with about 10 nm in their diameter. The magnetite nanoparticles exhibited superparamagnetism above 200 K, and the saturation magnetization was 32.8 emu/g at 300 K. The sizes and size distributions could be controlled by the feeding conditions of FeSO4·7H2O aqueous solution, and slower feeding rate and lower concentration lead to smaller and more uniform magnetite nanoparticles. The mechanisms of sonochemical oxidation were also discussed. The analyses of sonochemically produced oxidants in the presence of various gases suggested that besides sonochemically formed hydrogen peroxide, nitrite and nitrate ions contributed to Fe(II) ion oxidation.

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Nitrogen Fixation in an Ultrasonic Field

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Quinone-enhanced sonochemical production of nitric oxide from s-nitrosoglutathione

Quinone-enhanced sonochemical production of nitric oxide from s-nitrosoglutathione

Nitric Oxide Formation by Ultrasound in Aqueous Solutions

Preparation of superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles by reverse precipitation method: Contribution of sonochemically generated oxidants

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