Nitrogen isotopic composition of NOx from residential biomass burning and coal combustion in North China

Zong, Zheng; Shi, Xiaolan; Sun, Zeyu; Tian, Chongguo; Li, Jun; Fang, Yunting; Gao, Huiwang; Zhang, Gan

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119238

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Overall, the ship-emitted negative δ 15 N-NOx values with the weak influence of fuels in this research suggest that the δ 15 N-NOx values emitted from ships seem to be pertinent to the production of thermal NOx rather than the conversion of nitrogen in the fuels (Walters et al, 2015a;Walters et al, 2015b;Zong et al, 2022).…”

Section: δ 15 N-nox Values Emitted From Shipsmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…NOx produced during the combustion of fossil fuels can be divided into two groups: fuel NOx, generated when chemically bound nitrogen in fuel oxidizes, and thermal NOx, which is related to the thermal immobilization of atmospheric nitrogen (N2), i.e., produced by the reaction between oxygen and nitrogen in air at high temperatures (Beyn et al, 2015;Walters et al, 2015b). Previous measurements have revealed that NOx derived from biomass burning and 195 coal combustion are inclined to be enriched in 15 N abundance, largely influenced by the nitrogen content of the biomass and coal itself (Felix et al, 2012;Fibiger and Hastings, 2016;Zong et al, 2022), and produced thermally by internal combustion engines tends to be depleted in 15 N abundance due to the kinetic isotope effect (Ti et al, 2021;Walters et al, 2015a;Walters et al, 2015b;Zong et al, 2020a).…”

Section: δ 15 N-nox Values Emitted From Shipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The δ 15 N-NOx values emitted from ships had a wider range of variation than those from other sources in the source apportionment of NOx, which is not conducive to constraining the sources of NOx in the atmosphere (see Table S4 of SI) (Snape et al, 2003;Felix and Elliott, 2014;Li and Wang, 2008;Moore, 1977;Chai et al, 2019;Redling et al, 2013;Zong et al, 2022;Felix et al, 2012;Fibiger and Hastings, 240 2016;Walters et al, 2015a;Walters et al, 2015b;Yu and Elliott, 2017;Felix and Elliott, 2013;Miller et al, 2018;Miller et al, 2017;Perez et al, 2001;Ammann et al, 1999;Shi et al, 2022;Freyer, 1978;Heaton, 1990). Clarifying the main factors affecting the change of δ 15 N-NOx is beneficial to narrow the range of δ 15 N-NOx changes in source analysis.…”

Section: Main Factors Affecting δ 15 N-nox Emitted By Shipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First Measurements of the Nitrogen Stable Isotope Composition (δ¹⁵N) of Ship-emitted NO_x

Sun

Zong

Tan

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Abstract. The nitrogen stable isotope composition (δ15N) of nitrogen oxides (NOx) is a powerful indicator for source apportionment of atmospheric NOx; however, δ15N–NOx values emitted from ships have not been reported, affecting the accuracy of source partitioning of atmospheric NOx in coastal zones with a lot of ocean vessel activity. This study systemically analyzed the δ15N–NOx variability and main influencing factors of ship emissions. Results showed that δ15N–NOx values from ships ranged from −35.8 ‰ to 2.04 ‰ with a mean ± standard deviation of −18.5 ± 10.9 ‰. The δ15N–NOx values increased monotonically with the ongoing tightening of emission regulations, presenting a significantly negative logarithmic relationship with NOx concentrations (p < 0.01). The selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system was the most important factor affecting changes in δ15N–NOx values, compared with fuel types and operation states of ships. Based on the relationship between δ15N–NOx values and emission regulations observed in this investigation, the temporal variation in δ15N–NOx values from ship emissions in the international merchant fleet was evaluated by developing a mass-weighted model. These simulated δ15N–NOx values can be used to select suitable δ15N–NOx values for a more accurate assessment of the contribution of ship-emitted exhaust to atmospheric NOx.

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Section: δ 15 N-nox Values Emitted From Shipsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: δ 15 N-nox Values Emitted From Shipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Main Factors Affecting δ 15 N-nox Emitted By Shipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

First Measurements of the Nitrogen Stable Isotope Composition (δ¹⁵N) of Ship-emitted NO_x

Sun

Zong

Tan

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…S j represents the δ 15 N(NO x ) of each source and is distributed with mean values (μ j ) and standard deviation (ω j ). δ 15 N signatures for the five NO x sources were assigned as follows: 17.9 ± 3.1‰ for coal combustion, − −7.2 ± 7.4‰ for transport oil combustion, ,− −17.9 ± 1.0‰ for natural gas, −1.3 ± 4.3‰ for biomass burning, ,− and −43.7 ± 15.9‰ for soil, − based on the literature. Here, 10,000 feasible solutions of f j were generated through the performed in the SIAR model.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing Nonfossil Fuel Contributions to Atmospheric Nitrate in Urban China from Observation to Prediction

Fan

Hong

Zhang

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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China's nitrogen oxide (NO x ) emissions have undergone significant changes over the past few decades. However, nonfossil fuel NO x emissions are not yet well constrained in urban environments, resulting in a substantial underestimation of their importance relative to the known fossil fuel NO x emissions. We developed an approach using machine learning that is accurate enough to generate a long time series of the nitrogen isotopic composition (δ 15 N) of atmospheric nitrate using high-level accuracies of air pollutants and meteorology data. Air temperature was found to be the critical driver of the variation of nitrate δ 15 N at daily resolution based on this approach, while significant reductions of aerosol and its precursor emissions played a key role in the change of nitrate δ 15 N on the yearly scale. Predictions from this model found a significant decrease in nitrate δ 15 N in Chinese megacities (Beijing and Guangzhou as representative cities in the north and south, respectively) since 2013, implying an enhanced contribution of nonfossil fuel NO x emissions to nitrate aerosols (up to 22%−26% in 2021 from 18%−22% in 2013 quantified by an isotope mixing model), as confirmed by the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with online chemistry (WRF-Chem) simulation. Meanwhile, the declining contribution in coal combustion (34%−39% in 2013 to 31%−34% in 2021) and increasing contribution of natural gas combustion (11%−14% in 2013 to 14%−17% in 2021) demonstrated the transformation of China's energy structure from coal to natural gas. This approach provides missing records for exploring long-term variability in the nitrogen isotope system and may contribute to the study of the global reactive nitrogen biogeochemical cycle.

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“…Interestingly, in marine aerosols, the δ 15 N-NO 3 − reported by Savarino et al (2013) (−8.8‰ to −2.9‰) was much lower than the values observed in this work, indicating a different story of nitrate sources in the marine boundary layer (MBL) compared with urban sites. The δ 15 N of NO x in the emission of coal combustion was relatively higher (17.9‰ ± 3.1‰; Felix et al, 2012;Heaton, 1990;Zong et al, 2022). The NO x emitted from nitrification and denitrification normally has lower δ 15 N values (−43.7‰ ± 15.9‰; Felix & Elliott, 2014;D.…”

Section: Seasonal Variations In Meteorological Conditions Trace Gases...mentioning

confidence: 98%

Formation Mechanisms and Source Apportionments of Nitrate Aerosols in a Megacity of Eastern China Based On Multiple Isotope Observations

Fan

Zhang

et al. 2023

JGR Atmospheres

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Atmospheric inorganic nitrate (NO 3 − ) and its precursor NO x (=NO + NO 2 ) play crucial roles in haze formation in China (R.-J. Huang et al., 2014;H. Li et al., 2018). Due to limited development of flue gas denitrification technology compared with desulfurization technology (Gao et al., 2018), excess emissions of NO x have become the most severe pollutant gas in China over the past decade (Zheng et al., 2018). Recently, nitrate has contributed a higher fraction in PM 2.5 in haze events than in previous observations (Fan et al., 2019;Sun et al., 2015). Nitrogen chemistry is also important in atmospheric chemical processes, since it is involved in the formation of oxidants (e.g., ozone [O 3 ] and hydroxyl radicals [OH]), which control the atmosphere's self-cleansing capacity (Lu et al., 2019). Thus, the study of NO x emissions and the nitrate formation mechanism is critical in investigating the formation of haze pollution.

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Nitrogen isotopic composition of NOx from residential biomass burning and coal combustion in North China

Cited by 21 publications

References 45 publications

First Measurements of the Nitrogen Stable Isotope Composition (δ¹⁵N) of Ship-emitted NO_x

First Measurements of the Nitrogen Stable Isotope Composition (δ¹⁵N) of Ship-emitted NO_x

Increasing Nonfossil Fuel Contributions to Atmospheric Nitrate in Urban China from Observation to Prediction

Formation Mechanisms and Source Apportionments of Nitrate Aerosols in a Megacity of Eastern China Based On Multiple Isotope Observations

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Nitrogen isotopic composition of NOx from residential biomass burning and coal combustion in North China

Cited by 21 publications

References 45 publications

First Measurements of the Nitrogen Stable Isotope Composition (δ15N) of Ship-emitted NOx

First Measurements of the Nitrogen Stable Isotope Composition (δ15N) of Ship-emitted NOx

Increasing Nonfossil Fuel Contributions to Atmospheric Nitrate in Urban China from Observation to Prediction

Formation Mechanisms and Source Apportionments of Nitrate Aerosols in a Megacity of Eastern China Based On Multiple Isotope Observations

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First Measurements of the Nitrogen Stable Isotope Composition (δ¹⁵N) of Ship-emitted NO_x

First Measurements of the Nitrogen Stable Isotope Composition (δ¹⁵N) of Ship-emitted NO_x