Nitrogen management, cultivars and growing environments on wheat grain quality

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of nitrogen (N) fertilization, environment and cultivars on the protein concentration, sodium dodecyl sulfate sedimentation test (SDSS) volume and falling number in wheat. The experimental design was a randomized blocks in split plot scheme with four repetions. Four wheat genotypes were evaluated under six N managements in four enviroment (subplots). The wheat genotypes evaluated were IPR Catuara TM, BRS Gaivota, Quartzo and CD 120. Protein concentration, SDS sedimentation test, falling number and grain yield were evaluated. Combined analysis of variance for the four environment was performed and means were compared by Tukey test at p ≤ 0.05. The environmental effect is greater than the genotype and N effects on protein concentration. The increase in protein concentration reduces grain yield of the cultivars tested. SDSS and falling number in wheat are influenced by the interaction between cultivar and environment and also by the N management. The protein concentration of grain has low influence on SDS sedimentation volume, so the topdressing N management has less accentuated effect on this response variable. The falling number does not vary among cultivars when the environment is suitable to pre-harvest sprouting. The use of topdressing N influences the falling number in wheat.

A Review on Regulation of Irrigation Management on Wheat Physiology, Grain Yield, and Quality

“…Previous studies found that amylopectin was more vulnerable to soil moisture content and reducing irrigation amount appreciably increased amylopectin content [ 140 ]. Therefore, suitable irrigation amount was beneficial to starch accumulation and yield formation of wheat [ 141 ]. It was also found that the total starch content and amylose content of maize increased with the increases in irrigation times with reasonable irrigation amount, whereas both amylose and amylopectin decreased under either severe drought or water-logging conditions [ 142 ].…”

Grain Quality of Maize Cultivars as a Function of Planting Dates, Irrigation and Nitrogen Stress: A Case Study from Semiarid Conditions of Iran

“…The abovementioned compositional factors, as substantial dimensions of cereal grain quality are strongly affected by the genetic potential, the growing environment and agricultural practices [12,13]. Among agronomic practices, key strategies include cultivar selection [14]; water regimes [15]; nutritional status, especially N utilization [8]; and edaphic and climatic conditions, in particular, temperature changes due to year, location and planting date [16]. The effect of these factors on grain quality is more complex than yield.…”

Impact of Biochar Dose and Origin on Winter Wheat Grain Quality and Quantity

“…The relationship between nitrogen application and alpha-amylase activity is complex and context-dependent [45]. Excessive nitrogen, especially if applied late in the growing season, can increase the risk of pre-harvest sprouting and affect enzyme activity [46]. Moreover, grain falling can be affected by weather conditions.…”