Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Other Inorganic Materials in Waters in a Gravity-Irrigated Area

Fitzsimmons, D. W.; Lewis, G. C.; Naylor, D. V.; Busch, J. R.

doi:10.13031/2013.37889

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Carter concluded that ortho-P was being removed from irrigation water as it drained through, and reacted with, the calcareous soils. In contrast, Fitzsimmons et al (1972) reported that groundwater ortho-P and total P concentrations increased relative to source water in a southwestern Idaho irrigated tract. Carter sampled groundwater discharged from drainage tunnels cut into basalt bedrock in addition to tile drains, whereas, Fitzsimmons collected only tile drain water.…”

Section: Nutrient Fluxes Into Irrigation Runoff and Drainage Watersmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Furrow irrigation moves soluble or particulate organic matter, N, and P from soil to drainage and runoff, which increase nutrient loading in surface waters (Carter et al, 1971;Fitzsimmons et al, 1972;Mackenzie and Viets, 1974;Heathwaite and Johnes, 1996). Subsurface drainage losses of nitrogen under irrigation tracts in southern Idaho are significant, although some of this nitrogen may originate from nonagricultural sources, such as residential septic systems (Carter et al, 1971).…”

Section: Nutrient Fluxes Into Irrigation Runoff and Drainage Watersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsurface drainage losses of nitrogen under irrigation tracts in southern Idaho are significant, although some of this nitrogen may originate from nonagricultural sources, such as residential septic systems (Carter et al, 1971). Nitrate-N is the main form of N lost in drainage water (Carter et al, 1971;Fitzsimmons et al, 1972), although organic-N losses may be an important component (Mackenzie and Viets, 1974). Nitrate-, NH 4 -and organic-N can be dissolved or entrained in furrow runoff (Fitzsimmons et al, 1972).…”

Section: Nutrient Fluxes Into Irrigation Runoff and Drainage Watersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitrate-N is the main form of N lost in drainage water (Carter et al, 1971;Fitzsimmons et al, 1972), although organic-N losses may be an important component (Mackenzie and Viets, 1974). Nitrate-, NH 4 -and organic-N can be dissolved or entrained in furrow runoff (Fitzsimmons et al, 1972). Large increases in runoff inorganic-N concentrations occur when fertilizers are applied to fields in irrigation water, but not all high N-loss events are associated with such operations (Fitzsimmons et al, 1972).…”

Section: Nutrient Fluxes Into Irrigation Runoff and Drainage Watersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitrate-, NH 4 -and organic-N can be dissolved or entrained in furrow runoff (Fitzsimmons et al, 1972). Large increases in runoff inorganic-N concentrations occur when fertilizers are applied to fields in irrigation water, but not all high N-loss events are associated with such operations (Fitzsimmons et al, 1972). Carter et al (1971Carter et al ( , 1974 reported that south-central Idaho surface irrigated tracts were a net sink for total P and ortho-P loads entering the tracts in irrigation source water.…”

Section: Nutrient Fluxes Into Irrigation Runoff and Drainage Watersmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Polyacrylamide for Surface Irrigation to Increase Nutrient-Use Efficiency and Protectwater Quality

Lentz

Sojka

Robbins

et al. 2001

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

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Furrow irrigation systems have a greater application capacity, are less costly, and use less energy than sprinkler systems but furrow irrigation produces greater runoff, erosion, and deep percolation losses. Phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) losses are associated with runoff sediment, and can be minimized by eliminating irrigationinduced erosion. Excessive leaching of inorganic and organic solutes commonly occurs at the inflow region of furrow irrigated fields where infiltration opportunity times are longer. In one conservation practice, a high molecular weight, anionic polyacrylamide (PAM) is applied to advancing furrow stream flows at a concentration of 10 mg L Ϫ1 . Because PAM stabilizes furrow soil and flocculates suspended sediment, we hypothesized that this treatment would reduce runoff losses of sediment, molybdate reactive P (MRP), total P, NO 3 -N, and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Polyacrylamide treatment may increase furrow infiltration in some soils. However, we hypothesized that because it permits higher initial inflows, PAM would not increase NO 3 -N or Cl leaching rela- www.dekker.comThis article is a U.S. government work, and is not subject to copyright in the United States.tive to conventional, constant inflow irrigation. To test the first hypothesis, all treatments had the same inflow regime. For hypothesis two, control inflows were a constant 15 L min Ϫ1 ; PAM treated inflows were cut back from 45 to 15 L min Ϫ1 after furrow advance. Irrigation runoff and percolation waters were sampled and analyzed. Polyacrylamide increased infiltration and decreased runoff, particularly early in the irrigations. Mean cumulative runoff sediment loss over 12 h was 11.86 kg for each control furrow vs 1.15 kg for PAM-treated furrows. The PAM reduced 12-h cumulative sediment losses in runoff by 90%, MRP by 87%, total P by 92%, and COD by 85%, relative to control furrows. Polyacrylamide had no field-wide, season-long effect on cumulative amounts of water, NO 3 -N or Cl leached. The PAM-technology effectively prevented soil nutrient losses, increased nutrient-use efficiency, and decreased N and P loads in irrigation return flows and receiving surface waters.

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Section: Nutrient Fluxes Into Irrigation Runoff and Drainage Watersmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Nutrient Fluxes Into Irrigation Runoff and Drainage Watersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nutrient Fluxes Into Irrigation Runoff and Drainage Watersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nutrient Fluxes Into Irrigation Runoff and Drainage Watersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nutrient Fluxes Into Irrigation Runoff and Drainage Watersmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Polyacrylamide for Surface Irrigation to Increase Nutrient-Use Efficiency and Protectwater Quality

Lentz

Sojka

Robbins

et al. 2001

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

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show abstract

Irrigation Effects in Six Western States

Sonnen¹,

Thomas

Guitjens

1987

J. Irrig. Drain Eng.

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Nitrate leaching under irrigation in the United States—a review

Ritter

1989

Journal of Environmental Science and Health . Part A: Environme

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Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Other Inorganic Materials in Waters in a Gravity-Irrigated Area

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Polyacrylamide for Surface Irrigation to Increase Nutrient-Use Efficiency and Protectwater Quality

Polyacrylamide for Surface Irrigation to Increase Nutrient-Use Efficiency and Protectwater Quality

Irrigation Effects in Six Western States

Nitrate leaching under irrigation in the United States—a review

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