Nitrogen uptake during the leafless period in juvenile plants of a winter-green perennial herb, <i>Lycoris radiata</i> var. <i>radiata</i> (Amaryllidaceae)

NishitaniSatomi,; NakamuraToshie,; KachiNaoki,

doi:10.1139/cjb-2013-0021

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The development of new secondary roots (fine roots) was most rapid during the autumn (November-December) (Cai et al, 2018a). This was consistent with a previous observation that old L. radiata roots were replaced with new roots in April (Nishitani et al, 2013).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The unique seasonal separation of vegetative growth and reproductive growth in this species (i.e., summer dormancy) is largely associated with the shaded native habitat of this plant: inside temperate broad-leaved forests (Abdusalam et al, 2012;Kawano, 2009). Indeed, moderate shade (30%-65%) improves the yield and quality of cultivated L. radiata flowers Nishitani et al, 2013). Net photosynthetic rate and flower quality are optimal in L. radiata under 45% shade (Cai et al, 2013(Cai et al, , 2018b.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Three-dimensional Analysis of Summer Dormancy in the Red Spider Lily (Lycoris radiata)

Cai¹,

Fan²,

Wei³

et al. 2019

horts

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Lycoris radiata has beautiful bright-red flowers with both medicinal and ornamental value. However, the mechanisms underlying an unusual characteristic of Lycoris radiata, flowering without leaves, remain unclear. In this study, climatic influences, biomass composition, and yearly variations in bulb contents across eight developmental stages of L. radiata were analyzed. Thus, L. radiata summer dormancy was investigated in three dimensions: climate-associated phenology, biomass distribution characteristics, and physiologic bulb changes. The results showed that dormancy was most strongly affected by high ambient temperature, followed by scape development, flowering, leafing out, vigorous leaf growth, flower bud differentiation, flower bud predifferentiation, and leaf maturation. Biomass allocation, bulb contents, oxidoreductase activity, and root activity fluctuated significantly in L. radiata among developmental stages. Relative bulb dry weight was greatest during the dormant period (95.95% of total dry weight) and lowest during vigorous leaf growth (November–December). Root biomass was also significantly greater during dormancy than during flowering, leaf maturation, and flower bud differentiation. Only root biomass during vigorous leaf growth was greater than root biomass during dormancy. However, in dormant bulbs, soluble sugar content, soluble protein content, root activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and peroxidase (POD) activity decreased. Thus, summer dormancy in L. radiata only constitutes a morphologic dormancy of the aboveground plant; the bulb and root remain physiologically active. The results suggest that L. radiata is sensitive to both ambient temperature and light, and that summer dormancy is triggered by the synergistic stimulation of these two factors. Although temperature controls dormancy, it plays only a limited regulatory role during the L. radiata flowering period. Thus, it is difficult to induce flowering or regulate annual flowering in this species through temperature control alone.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Three-dimensional Analysis of Summer Dormancy in the Red Spider Lily (Lycoris radiata)

Cai¹,

Fan²,

Wei³

et al. 2019

horts

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“…In another study of a subarctic heath system, Larsen et al (2012) used an 15 N-labeled glycine tracer and detected that graminoids, evergreen dwarf shrubs, and mosses were able to take up nitrogen during late winter and early spring, although with different temporal patterns. Nishitani et al (2013) observed that a juvenile winter-green perennial herb actively took up nitrogen during its leafless period. Together, these observations confirm that plant root nutrient acquisition and photosynthesis can occur independently and that, like microbes (e.g., Ji et al 2015), plants maintain flexible nutrient stoichiometry.…”

Section: Observations Revealing Photosynthesis-independent Plant Root Nutrient Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the modeling paradigm of plant root nutrient acquisition

Tang

Riley

2021

Plant Soil

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Plant root nutrient acquisition, and to a lesser extent foliar nutrient uptake, maintain plant metabolism and strongly regulate terrestrial biogeochemistry and carbon-climate feedbacks. However, terrestrial biogeochemical models differ in their representations of plant root nutrient acquisition, leading to significantly different, and uncertain, carbon cycle and future climate projections. Here we first review biogeochemical principles and observations relevant to three essential plant root nutrient acquisition mechanisms: activity of nutrient acquiring proteins, maintenance of nutrient stoichiometry, and energy expenditure for these processes. We next examine how these mechanisms are considered in three existing modeling paradigms, and conclude by recommending the capacity-based approach, the need for observations, and necessary modeling developments of plant root nutrient acquisition to improve carbon-climate feedback projections.

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“…This species is also cultivated as a garden plant. The plants have green leaves from autumn to spring, with maximum photosynthetic capacity during winter, and their roots are maintained and absorb N even during the leafless summer [25]. To investigate the functional differences in seasonally absorbed N, we designed experiments such that each plant could access soil N during only one or two of three fertilizer supply periods: summer (leafless period), autumn ( period of leaf flush) and winter ( period of active growth with fully developed foliage).…”

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confidence: 99%

Functional differences in seasonally absorbed nitrogen in a winter-green perennial herb

et al. 2020

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Nitrogen (N) uptake in response to its availability and effective N-use are important for determining plant fitness, as N is a major limiting resource and its availability changes both seasonally and annually. Storage organs such as bulbs are considered an adaptive trait with respect to plant N-use strategies. It is well known that N is remobilized from storage organs to satisfy the high demand for new growth that is not completely satisfied by external uptake alone. However, little is known about how this N absorbed during different seasons contributes to plant performance. By manipulating seasonal N availability in potted Lycoris radiata var. radiata (Amaryllidaceae), a winter-green perennial, we found that the N absorbed during different seasons had different effects on leaf growth and leaf N concentrations, effectively increasing the growth and survival of the plants. N absorbed during the summer (leafless period; N was thus stored in the bulb) enhanced plant growth by increasing leaf growth. Compared with the plants supplied with N during autumn (leaf flush period), the leafy plants also showed greater growth per unit leaf area despite the lower area-based photosynthetic capacity of the latter. By contrast, N absorbed during the autumn increased the leaf N concentration and thus the photosynthetic capacity, which was considered to enhance survival and growth of the plant during winter by reducing the potentially fatal risk caused by the absorption of photons under low temperature. Our findings have important implications for estimating plant responses to environmental changes. We predict that changes in seasonal N availability impact the performance of plants, even that of perennials that have large storage organs, via an altered relative investment of N into different functions.

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Nitrogen uptake during the leafless period in juvenile plants of a winter-green perennial herb, Lycoris radiata var. radiata (Amaryllidaceae)

Cited by 3 publications

References 35 publications

A Three-dimensional Analysis of Summer Dormancy in the Red Spider Lily (Lycoris radiata)

A Three-dimensional Analysis of Summer Dormancy in the Red Spider Lily (Lycoris radiata)

On the modeling paradigm of plant root nutrient acquisition

Functional differences in seasonally absorbed nitrogen in a winter-green perennial herb

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