Nitrous oxide emissions from soil during freezing and thawing periods

Teepe, Robert; Brumme, R.; Beese, F.

doi:10.1016/s0038-0717(01)00084-0

Cited by 242 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This was corroborated by low CH 4 consumption rates in control and LR plots at this particular date. Furthermore, although negative soil temperatures in 5 cm depth were not recorded on any of the gas sampling dates, a preceding freeze-thaw event on the soil surface could have led to elevated N 2 O fluxes on this date, as has been observed earlier (e.g., van Bochove et al 2000;Teepe et al 2001;Wolf et al 2012;Butterbach-Bahl et al 2013). We found no correlations between N 2 O fluxes and T soil or VWC, which indicates that N 2 O formation and consumption was limited by low N content and acidic pH at our study site, as has also been reported for other temperate forests (Butterbach-Bahl et al 1998;Castro et al 1992;Hahn et al 2000).…”

Section: Soil Greenhouse Gas Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 60%

Contribution of litter layer to soil greenhouse gas emissions in a temperate beech forest

et al. 2016

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Background and aims The litter layer is a major source of CO 2 , and it also influences soil-atmosphere exchange of N 2 O and CH 4 . So far, it is not clear how much of soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emission derives from the litter layer itself or is litter-induced. The present study investigates how the litter layer controls soil GHG fluxes and microbial decomposer communities in a temperate beech forest. Methods We removed the litter layer in an Austrian beech forest and studied responses of soil CO 2 , CH 4 and N 2 O fluxes and the microbial community via phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA). Soil GHG fluxes were determined with static chambers on 22 occasions from July 2012 to February 2013, and soil samples collected at 8 sampling events.Results Litter removal reduced CO 2 emissions by 30 % and increased temperature sensitivity (Q 10 ) of CO 2 fluxes. Diffusion of CH 4 into soil was facilitated by litter removal and CH 4 uptake increased by 16 %. This effect was strongest in autumn and winter when soil moisture was high. Soils without litter turned from net N 2 O sources to slight N 2 O sinks because N 2 O emissions peaked after rain events in summer and autumn, which was not the case in litter-removal plots. Microbial composition was only transiently affected by litter removal but strongly influenced by seasonality. Conclusions Litter layers must be considered in calculating forest GHG budgets, and their influence on temperature sensitivity of soil GHG fluxes taken into account for future climate scenarios.

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Section: Soil Greenhouse Gas Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 60%

Contribution of litter layer to soil greenhouse gas emissions in a temperate beech forest

et al. 2016

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“…This claim is supported by the results of Papen and Butterbach-Bahl (1999) who showed that increased N 2 O emissions from forest soils during frost periods were fuelled by easily degradable substrate derived from dead microbial biomass. Sterilization experiments showed that N 2 O emissions during freeze-thaw cycles originate from microbial N transformation (Röver et al 1998), and Teepe et al (2001) pointed out that N 2 O production in frozen soil layers may originate from denitrification in thin liquid water films surrounding the soil matrix.…”

Section: Gross Rates Of N Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of soil N cycling and N2O emission in a mixed deciduous forest with different abundance of beech

2010

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The mixture of other broadleaf species into beech forests in Central Europe leads to an increase of tree species diversity, which may alter soil biochemical processes. This study was aimed at 1) assessing differences in gross rates of soil N cycling among deciduous stands of different beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) abundance in a limestone area, 2) analyzing the relationships between gross rates of soil N cycling and forest stand N cycling, and 3) quantifying N 2 O emission and determining its relationship with gross rates of soil N cycling. We used 15 N pool dilution techniques for soil N transformation measurement and chamber method for N 2 O flux measurement. Gross rates of mineral N production in the 0-5 cm mineral soil increased across stands of decreasing beech abundance and increasing soil clay content. These rates were correlated with microbial biomass which, in turn, was influenced by substrate quantity, quality and soil fertility. Leaf litter-N, C:N ratio and base saturation in the mineral soil increased with decreasing beech abundance. Soil mineral N production and assimilation by microbes were tightly coupled, resulting in low N 2 O emissions. Annual N 2 O emissions were largely contributed by the freezethaw event emissions, which were correlated with the amount of soil microbial biomass. Our results suggest that soil N availability may increase through the mixture of broadleaf species into beech forests.

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“…Exchanges of CH 4 , N 2 O and DOC were not estimated during the snowcovered months (January to March), which might have led to underestimation of the total annual exchange. Especially in regions with discontinuous snow cover and frequent freezethaw events, large winter emissions of N 2 O may occur during these periods (Luo et al, 2012;Teepe et al, 2001). However, winter season fluxes of CH 4 , N 2 O and DOC in forests that experience severe winters with continuous snow cover are generally small (Ågren et al, 2007;van Bochove et al, 2000;Yashiro et al, 2006).…”

Section: Ch 4 and N 2 O Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the contribution of non-CO 2 GHG could be substantial in poorly drained locations within temperate forests (Ullah and Moore, 2011). The relative contribution of CH 4 and N 2 O to the forest GHG balance might further be considerably affected by more frequent freeze-thaw events (Luo et al, 2012;Teepe et al, 2001), altered N input (Liu and Greaver, 2009) as well as by contrasting forest management and tree growth responses to climatic changes in the future (Metsaranta et al, 2011;Ximenes et al, 2012). For instance, Metsaranta et al (2011) suggested that the cumulative GWP over 70 years for a coniferous forest in British Columbia may vary between −67 and 67 t CO 2 eq ha −1 in the bestand worst-case modelling scenario.…”

Section: Forest Ghg Balance Across Stand Age and Site Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon and greenhouse gas balances in an age sequence of temperate pine plantations

et al. 2014

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Abstract. This study investigated differences in the magnitude and partitioning of the carbon (C) and greenhouse gas (GHG) balances in an age sequence of four white pine (Pinus strobus L.) afforestation stands (7, 20, 35 and 70 years old as of 2009) in southern Ontario, Canada. The 4-year (2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008) mean annual carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) exchanges, based on biometric and eddy covariance data, were combined with the 2-year means of static chamber measurements of methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) fluxes (2006)(2007) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) export below 1 m soil depth (2004)(2005). The total ecosystem C pool increased with age from 46 to 197 t C ha −1 across the four stands. Rates of organic matter cycling (i.e. litterfall and decomposition) were similar among the three older stands. In contrast, considerable differences related to stand age and site quality were observed in the magnitude and partitioning of individual CO 2 fluxes, showing a peak in production and respiration rates in the middle-age (20-year-old) stand growing on fertile postagricultural soil. The DOC export accounted for 10 % of net ecosystem production (NEP) at the 7-year-old stand but < 2 % at the three older stands. The GHG balance from the combined exchanges of CO 2 , CH 4 and N 2 O was 2.6, 21.6, 13.5 and 4.8 t CO 2 equivalent ha −1 year −1 for the 7-, 20-, 35-and 70-year-old stands, respectively. The maximum annual contribution from the combined exchanges of CH 4 and N 2 O to the GHG balance was 13 and 8 % in the 7-and 70-year-old stands, respectively, but < 1 % in the two highly productive middle-age (20-and 35-year-old) stands. Averaged over the entire age sequence, the CO 2 exchange was the main driver of the GHG balance in these forests. The cumulative CO 2 sequestration over the 70 years was estimated at 129 t C and 297 t C ha −1 year −1 for stands growing on low-and high-productivity sites, respectively. This study highlights the importance of accounting for age and site quality effects on forest C and GHG balances. It further demonstrates a large potential for net C sequestration and climate benefits gained through afforestation of marginal agricultural and fallow lands in temperate regions.

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Nitrous oxide emissions from soil during freezing and thawing periods

Cited by 242 publications

References 25 publications

Contribution of litter layer to soil greenhouse gas emissions in a temperate beech forest

Contribution of litter layer to soil greenhouse gas emissions in a temperate beech forest

Variability of soil N cycling and N2O emission in a mixed deciduous forest with different abundance of beech

Carbon and greenhouse gas balances in an age sequence of temperate pine plantations

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