Nitrous oxide (N2O) production by Alcaligenes faecalis during feast and famine regimes

Schalk-Otte, S.; Seviour, Robert J.; Kuenen, J.G.; Jetten, Mike S. M.

doi:10.1016/s0043-1354(99)00374-7

Cited by 116 publications

(78 citation statements)

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“…Increasing concentrations of nitrate and nitrite were correlated with an increase in the ratio of N 2 O to total N gases, a phenomenon that has been observed in various soils (Blackmer and Bremner, 1978;Gaskell et al, 1981;Palmer et al, 2010). Low pH and low electron donor availability favor increased ratios of N 2 O to total N gases when nitrate is not limiting (Blackmer and Bremner, 1978;Schalk-Otte et al, 2000;Simek and Cooper, 2002;van den Heuvel et al, 2010). Indeed, denitrifiers of cryoturbated peat were saturated with less than half of the nitrate concentrations occurring in situ, suggesting that electron donor availabiltity might limit denitrification (Figure 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Contrasting denitrifier communities relate to contrasting N2O emission patterns from acidic peat soils in arctic tundra

2011

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Cryoturbated peat circles (that is, bare surface soil mixed by frost action; pH 3-4) in the Russian discontinuous permafrost tundra are nitrate-rich 'hotspots' of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions in arctic ecosystems, whereas adjacent unturbated peat areas are not. N 2 O was produced and subsequently consumed at pH 4 in unsupplemented anoxic microcosms with cryoturbated but not in those with unturbated peat soil. Nitrate, nitrite and acetylene stimulated net N 2 O production of both soils in anoxic microcosms, indicating denitrification as the source of N 2 O. Up to 500 and 10 lM nitrate stimulated denitrification in cryoturbated and unturbated peat soils, respectively. Apparent maximal reaction velocities of nitrite-dependent denitrification were 28 and 18 nmol N 2 O g DW À1 h À1 , for cryoturbated and unturbated peat soils, respectively. Barcoded amplicon pyrosequencing of narG, nirK/nirS and nosZ (encoding nitrate, nitrite and N 2 O reductases, respectively) yielded E49 000 quality-filtered sequences with an average sequence length of 444 bp. Up to 19 species-level operational taxonomic units were detected per soil and gene, many of which were distantly related to cultured denitrifiers or environmental sequences. Denitrification-associated gene diversity in cryoturbated and in unturbated peat soils differed. Quantitative PCR (inhibition-corrected per DNA extract) revealed higher copy numbers of narG in cryoturbated than in unturbated peat soil. Copy numbers of nirS were up to 1000 Â higher than those of nirK in both soils, and nirS nirK À1 copy number ratios in cryoturbated and unturbated peat soils differed. The collective data indicate that the contrasting N 2 O emission patterns of cryoturbated and unturbated peat soils are associated with contrasting denitrifier communities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Contrasting denitrifier communities relate to contrasting N2O emission patterns from acidic peat soils in arctic tundra

2011

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“…Increased concentrations of N 2 O observed in soils flooded with purified wastewater, indicating accumulation of this intermediate in the process of denitrification, are stimulated when the bacteria feeding regime is unbalanced. A decrease in C availability may increase N 2 O production by some bacteria up to 32-64% of total N-feed (Schalk-Otte et al, 2000). In field conditions, especially in wetland soil, a significant fraction of total N 2 O emission originates from a limited number of small areas (hotspots) as a result of highly variable and heterogeneous N 2 O production rates (van den Heuve et al, 2009).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soils irrigated with substantial doses of wastewater can induce anoxic conditions in which nitrate (NO 3 -) and nitrite (NO 2 -) are converted to dinitrogen gas (N 2 ) (Nosalewicz et al, 2005). N 2 O, which is mainly emitted from wastewater treatment systems, is an intermediate in the process of denitrification (Schalk-Otte et al, 2000); additionally, N 2 O can also be produced from nitrification in aerobic conditions (Szarlip et al, 2010).The relations between production of two gases ie N 2 O and CO 2, and soil moisture and temperature are dependent on their effect on overall soil microbial activity. Various enzymatically catalyzed transformations have different optimum temperature and moisture (Müller, 2000).…”

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Effect of soil moisture and temperature on N2O and CO2 concentrations in soil irrigated with purified wastewater

Nosalewicz

Stępniewska

2013

International Agrophysics

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A b s t r a c t. Flooded organic soils are potentially important sources of greenhouse gases. The effect of soil temperature and moisture on the concentration of N 2 O and CO 2 at two depths of organic soil flooded with two doses of purified wastewater was studied. Nitrous oxide concentrations at the 10-30 cm depth range were generally increased with an increase in soil moisture, showing dependence on the aeration status of soil. The maximum values of N 2 O concentrations were higher at the 50-100 than 10-30 cm depth range, but a similar pattern of increasing maximum values of N 2 O concentration with an increasing input of nitrogen in treatments at both depth ranges was observed. The maximum concentrations of carbon dioxide within the 50-100 cm depth range remained at a similar level in all treatments reaching 7.1-7.7%, which indicated weak relations with the input of water and nitrogen at this depth range. We conclude that the N 2 O and CO 2 concentrations at 10-30 cm depths in the examined organic soil flooded with 600 mm year -1 of purified wastewater exhibited a similar level as the concentrations in soil watered only by precipitation.K e y w o r d s: nitrous oxide, soil temperature, soil moisture, carbon dioxide, wastewater INTRODUCTIONUnder anaerobic conditions, organic soils are important sources of a number of greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as N 2 O and CO 2 (Koponen et al., 2006;Maljanen et al., 2003). Accurate quantification of nitrous oxide emission is difficult and uncertain (van den Heuvel et al., 2009;Stehfest and Bouwman, 2006). The emission of N 2 O from soil may be dominated by emission from hotspots characterized by favourable conditions for production of N 2 O. McClain et al. (2003) defined biogeochemical hotspots as patches that show disproportionately high reaction rates relative to the surrounding matrix. The high temporal and spatial variability of gas emissions from soil makes measurements at small scales impractical (Giltrap et al., 2010). According to this, analyses that will help in more robust estimation of N 2 O production and emission from soil at large scales that can be based on general relations between N 2 O production in the soil profile and soil properties are needed.Irrigation of soil with treated municipal wastewater can be treated as a last step of purification thereof. Soils irrigated with substantial doses of wastewater can induce anoxic conditions in which nitrate (NO 3 -) and nitrite (NO 2 -) are converted to dinitrogen gas (N 2 ) (Nosalewicz et al., 2005). N 2 O, which is mainly emitted from wastewater treatment systems, is an intermediate in the process of denitrification (Schalk-Otte et al., 2000); additionally, N 2 O can also be produced from nitrification in aerobic conditions (Szarlip et al., 2010).The relations between production of two gases ie N 2 O and CO 2, and soil moisture and temperature are dependent on their effect on overall soil microbial activity. Various enzymatically catalyzed transformations have different optimum temperature and moisture (Müller, 2...

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“…Some researchers also reported that the consumption of PHA for denitrification could increase the N 2 O generation [26][27][28]. In the aerobic period, N 2 O generation amount increased rapidly and reached to the highest value of 0.20 mg/L at 150 min.…”

Section: A Typical Cycle Of a 2 N-sbr Systemmentioning

confidence: 96%

N2O reduction during municipal wastewater treatment using a two-sludge SBR system acclimatized with propionate

Liu

Liang

Zhang

et al. 2013

Chemical Engineering Journal

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Nitrous oxide (N2O) production by Alcaligenes faecalis during feast and famine regimes

Cited by 116 publications

References 15 publications

Contrasting denitrifier communities relate to contrasting N2O emission patterns from acidic peat soils in arctic tundra

Contrasting denitrifier communities relate to contrasting N2O emission patterns from acidic peat soils in arctic tundra

Effect of soil moisture and temperature on N2O and CO2 concentrations in soil irrigated with purified wastewater

N2O reduction during municipal wastewater treatment using a two-sludge SBR system acclimatized with propionate

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