Nitroxide‐mediated free‐radical copolymerization of styrene with butyl acrylate

Abstract

Controlled free‐radical copolymerization of styrene (S) and butyl acrylate (BA) was achieved by using a second‐generation nitroxide, N‐tert‐butyl‐N‐[1‐diethylphosphono‐(2,2‐dimethylpropyl)] nitroxide (DEPN), and 2,2‐azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) at 120 °C. The time‐conversion first‐order plot was linear, and the number‐average molecular weight increased in direct proportion to the ratio of monomer conversion to the initial concentration, providing copolymers with low polydispersity. The monomer reactivity ratios obtained were rS = 0.74 and rBA = 0.29, respectively. To analyze the convenience of applying the Mayo–Lewis terminal model, the cumulative copolymer composition against conversion and the individual conversion of each monomer as a function of copolymerization time were studied. The theoretical values of the propagating radical concentration ratio were also examined to investigate the copolymerization rate behavior. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 4168–4176, 2004

Synthesis of glycopolymers and their multivalent recognitions with lectins

“…This includes: free-radical polymerization (FRP), 45,47,[49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64] living anionic polymerization, 65 ring-opening polymerization (ROP), 66,67 ringopening metathesis polymerization (ROMP), 44,68-74 and controlled/living free-radical polymerization (CLRP) which, encompasses nitroxide mediated controlled free-radical polymerization (NMP), 75-83 atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), [84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93] and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerisation. 16,46,[94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111]<...>…”

Chain transfer to solvent in the radical polymerization of structurally diverse acrylamide monomers using straight-chain and branched alcohols as solvents

“…[15][16][17] MEA is less exploited, but has an ionisable heterocyclic substituent, which as a polymer can be used to complex with biomolecules such as DNA in potential non-viral gene vectors. [18,19] [20] and N- (2-morpholin-4-ylethyl) acrylamide (MEA) [21] were prepared according to the literature, and SG1 was purified by column chromatography with purity (95%) determined using 1 H NMR spectroscopy from reaction of SG1 radical with pentafluorophenylhydrazine (Aldrich, 97%).…”

Nitroxide‐Mediated Radical Polymerization in Microemulsion

“…SG1 was synthesized according to the literature. [39] The purity of SG1 was measured by 1 H NMR spectroscopy by reacting the radical with pentafluorophenylhydrazine, yielding 97% purity. TEMPO (Tokyo Chemical Industry) was used as received.…”