NLRC5 regulates TGF-β1-induced proliferation and activation of hepatic stellate cells during hepatic fibrosis

Xu, Tao; Ni, Ming-ming; Xingli,; Li, Xiaofeng; Meng, Xiao‐Ming; Huang, Cheng; Li, Jun

doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2015.11.010

Cited by 46 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Based on previous reports and our results, a possible mechanism to explain these observations is that NLRC5 promotes the TGF signaling pathway in response to high glucose, which in turn, shuttles into nucleus and subsequently activates the expression of target genes (38). These data also reflect that the profibrotic and proinflammatory effects of NLRC5 in mesangial cells are at least partly mediated by the activation of Smad signaling, consistent with previous results reported by Xu et al (39). In that study, overexpression of NLRC5 resulted in significantly increased TGF‐β pathway activation, and collagen production was documented.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

NLRC5 deficiency ameliorates diabetic nephropathy through alleviating inflammation

et al. 2018

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NOD-like receptor family caspase recruitment domain family domain containing 5 (NLRC5) has important roles in inflammation and innate immunity. NLRC5 was highly expressed in kidney from streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, db/ db mice and patients with diabetes. Based on that evidence, the present study was designed to explore the roles of NLRC5 in the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). We examined kidney injury, including inflammation and fibrosis in Nlrc5 gene knockout ( Nlrc5) and wild-type (WT) diabetic mice. We found that Nlrc5 mice developed less-severe diabetic kidney injury compared with WT mice, exhibiting lower albuminuria, less fibronectin and collagen IV expression, and reduced macrophage infiltration but greater levels of podocin and nephrin in the diabetic kidney. The underlying mechanisms were further investigated in vitro with peritoneal macrophages and mesangial cells treated with high glucose. Reduced proinflammatory effect was observed in peritoneal macrophages from Nlrc5 mice, associated with NF-κB pathway suppression. Knocking down of NLRC5 in mesangial cells in high-glucose conditions was also associated with reduced NF-κB and TGF-β/Smad signaling. Taken together, NLRC5 promotes inflammation and fibrosis during DN progression partly through the effects on NF-κB and TGF-β/Smad pathways. NLRC5 may, therefore, be a promising therapeutic target for DN treatment.-Luan, P., Zhuang, J., Zou, J., Li, H., Shuai, P., Xu, X., Zhao, Y., Kou, W., Ji, S., Peng, A., Xu, Y., Su, Q., Jian, W., Peng, W. NLRC5 deficiency ameliorates diabetic nephropathy through alleviating inflammation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

NLRC5 deficiency ameliorates diabetic nephropathy through alleviating inflammation

et al. 2018

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“…macrophages, but positive in LX-2 cells [24,25]. We also demonstrated that NLRC5 promoted proliferation and activation of hepatic stellate cells during hepatic fibrosis [26]. In addition, there is a report depicting the expression and oncogenic role of NLRC5 in HCC.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 58%

NLRC5 promotes cell proliferation via regulating the AKT/VEGF-A signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma

Zhang

et al. 2016

Toxicology

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NLRC5, a newly found member of the NLR family and the largest member of nucleotide-binding, has been reported to regulate immune responses and is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We investigated the mechanisms and signaling pathways of NLRC5 in HCC progression. Increased expression of NLRC5, vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) were found in human HCC tissue. There was a positive correlation between NLRC5 and VEGF-A expression and cell proliferation were enhanced in NLRC5-overexpressing HepG2 cells, but inhibited in cells with NLRC5 silencing treatment. Interestingly, we found that up-regulation of NLRC5 also coordinated the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. An AKT inhibitor LY294002 blocked VEGF-A expression and AKT phosphorylation in HepG2 cells and NLRC5-overexpressing HepG2 cells. These results demonstrate that NLRC5 promotes HCC progression via the AKT/VEGF-A signaling pathway.

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“…In response to liver injury, HSC is activated to be a myofibroblastic phenotype, which is highly proliferative and produces type I collagen (HSC activation) 14 . α-SMA and type I collagen, which are induced by TGF-β1/Smad and ERK pathways 14,19,37,38 , are common makers for HSC activation. TGF-β1 is known as one of the most important key mediators of fibrosis in several organs such as the lung, kidney, and liver 14,17,[39][40][41] resulting from proliferation and differentiation of myofibroblasts through Smad and ERK signaling pathways 22,37 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Odontogenic infection by Porphyromonas gingivalis exacerbates fibrosis in NASH via hepatic stellate cell activation

Nagasaki

Sakamoto

Chea

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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odontogenic infection of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.), a major periodontal pathogen, exacerbates pathological progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In this study, we aimed to clarify the detailed mechanism in which P.g. induced hepatic stellate cells (HSCs; key effector cells in liver fibrosis) activation. In the liver of high fat diet-induced NASH mouse model with P.g. odontogenic infection, immunolocalization of P.g. was detected. The number of hepatic crown-like structure, which was macrophage aggregation and related to liver fibrosis, was drastically increased and fibrosis area was also increased through upregulating immunoexpression of Phosphorylated Smad2 (key signaling molecule of TGF-β1) and Galectin-3. P.g.-secreted trypsin-like enzyme [gingipain; an activator of protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2)] stimulated HSC proliferation and differentiation through Smad and ERK signaling induced by TGF-β1 produced from HSCs with P.g.-infection. Further, Galectin-3 produced from HSCs with P.g. infection and P.g.-derived LPS/lipoprotein stimulation stabilized TGFβ-receptor II resulting in increasing sensitivity for TGF-β1, finally leading to HSC differentiation via activating Smad and ERK signaling. In addition to them, hepatocytes (main component cells of liver) contributed to HSC activation through TGF-β1 and Galectin-3 production in paracrine manner. Collectively, P.g.-odontogenic infection exacerbates fibrosis of NASH by HSC activation through TGF-β1 and Gal-3 production from HSCs and hepatocytes.Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic hepatic disease caused by obesity including simple steatosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The morbidity rate of NAFLD is high, up to 30% in Western countries, with increasing the number of NAFLD patients because of the increase of obesity 1-3 . Most NAFLD patients indicate simple steatosis, which is a reversible condition, but 10-20% of simple steatosis progresses to NASH, which is presented as inflammation with hepatocyte degeneration followed by hepatic fibrosis 3 . As some of the NASH cases eventually result in liver cirrhosis and cancer, it is a critical health problem requiring adequate prevention and early therapeutic intervention 2,4 . The mechanisms for the development and progression of NASH are extremely complicated. Recently, it was reported that fat deposition, inflammation and fibrosis in NASH are simultaneously caused by many factors such as up-regulation of free fatty acids (FFA), oxidation stress, cytokines and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 5 .Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.) is a main periodontal pathogen. Periodontitis caused by P.g. is a well-recognized risk factor for many systemic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, preterm birth, diabetes mellitus, and rheumatoid arthritis 6-9 . P.g. can enter the blood circulation from periodontal disease sites and disseminate into the whole body and it can be detected in the distant organs including liver 6,7,10,11 . Furusho et al. reported that P.g.-odontogenic infect...

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NLRC5 regulates TGF-β1-induced proliferation and activation of hepatic stellate cells during hepatic fibrosis

Cited by 46 publications

References 49 publications

NLRC5 deficiency ameliorates diabetic nephropathy through alleviating inflammation

NLRC5 deficiency ameliorates diabetic nephropathy through alleviating inflammation

NLRC5 promotes cell proliferation via regulating the AKT/VEGF-A signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma

Odontogenic infection by Porphyromonas gingivalis exacerbates fibrosis in NASH via hepatic stellate cell activation

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