NLRX1 of black carp suppresses MAVS-mediated antiviral signaling through its NACHT domain

Song, Xinhang; Li, Wanzhen; Xie, Xinchi; Zou, Ziqi; Wei, Jing; Wu, Hui; Feng, Hao

doi:10.1016/j.dci.2019.03.001

Cited by 30 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In the same study, enhanced gene expression of IRF3, IRF7, and IFN-I following poly (I:C) stimulation has been observed in NLRX1 deficient grass carp kidney cell line [173] . In black carp, direct association of the NACHT domain of NLRX1 with MAVS has been seen as critical for negative regulation of antiviral signaling [174] . In a recent study in this fish, like mammals, a complex formation between NLRX1 and Tu translation elongation factor (TUFM) has been speculated to negatively regulate MAVS-mediated RLR/IFN signaling [175] ( Figure 5 ).…”

Section: Downstream Signaling Mechanism Of Nlrsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Teleost NOD-like receptors and their downstream signaling pathways: A brief review

Chuphal

Rai²,

Roy³

2022

Fish and Shellfish Immunology Reports

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Section: Downstream Signaling Mechanism Of Nlrsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Teleost NOD-like receptors and their downstream signaling pathways: A brief review

Chuphal

Rai²,

Roy³

2022

Fish and Shellfish Immunology Reports

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“…NLRX1 lacks a fully characterized N-terminus, hence the “X” nomenclature used to define the gene/protein. To date, the only defined domain of the N-terminus of NLRX1 is a mitochondria-targeting sequence (MTS) (2–5). The C-terminus of NLRX1 is also unique, consisting of 7 LRRs followed by an uncharacterized three-helix bundle (6).…”

Section: Nlrx1: the Enigmatic Nlrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consistent with this hypothesis, HSP90 has been shown to interact with NLRP12 and controls its negative regulation of non-canonical NF-κB signaling (53). NLRX1 has been localized in the cytoplasm on different layers of the mitochondria, and even in mitochondrial granules (2, 4, 5, 7, 11, 24, 58). Each of these locations have significant biological implications that potentially impact NLRX1 function.…”

Section: Nlrx1 Attenuates Pattern Recognition Receptor Signaling In Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

NLRX1 Is a Multifaceted and Enigmatic Regulator of Immune System Function

2019

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Over the last decade, significant progress has been achieved in defining mechanisms underlying NLR regulation of immune system function. However, several NLR family members continue to defy our best attempts at characterization and routinely exhibit confounding data. This is particularly true for NLR family members that regulate signaling associated with the activation of other pattern recognition receptors. NLRX1 is a member of this NLR sub-group and acts as an enigmatic regulator of immune system function. NLRX1 has been shown to negatively regulate type-I interferon, attenuate pro-inflammatory NF-κB signaling, promote reactive oxygen species production, and modulate autophagy, cell death, and proliferation. However, the mechanism/s associated with NLRX1 modulation of these pathways is not fully understood and there are inconsistencies within the field. Likewise, it is highly likely that the full repertoire of biological functions impacted by NLRX1 are yet to be defined. Recent mouse studies have shown that NLRX1 significantly impacts a multitude of diseases, including cancer, virus infection, osteoarthritis, traumatic brain injury, and inflammatory bowel disease. Thus, it is essential that the underlying mechanism associated with NLRX1 function in each of these diseases be robustly defined. Here, we summarize the current progress in understanding mechanisms associated with NLRX1 function. We also offer insight into both unique and overlapping mechanisms regulated by NLRX1 that likely contribute to disease pathobiology. Ultimately, we believe that an improved understanding of NLRX1 will result in better defined mechanisms associated with immune system attenuation and the resolution of inflammation in a myriad of diseases.

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“…They found that miR-195 was markedly downregulated in EV-A71-infected human neuroblastoma cells. NLR family member X1 (NLRX1), a member of the NLR family that localizes to mitochondria, acted as a negative modulator of antiviral signaling ( 127 ). NLRX1 might play an important in regulation of pathogen-induced pyroptosis by controlling NLRP3 inflammasome activation ( 128 ).…”

Section: Noncoding Rna-mediated Pyroptosis In Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Noncoding RNA-mediated regulation of pyroptotic cell death in cancer

et al. 2022

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Pyroptosis is a newly discovered form of programmed cell death, which is manifested by DNA fragmentation, cell swelling, cell membrane rupture and leakage of cell contents. Previous studies have demonstrated that pyroptosis is tightly associated with the initiation and development of various cancers, whereas the molecular mechanisms underlying pyroptosis remain obscure. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a type of heterogeneous transcripts that are broadly expressed in mammalian cells. Owing to their potency of regulating gene expression, ncRNAs play essential roles in physiological and pathological processes. NcRNAs are increasingly acknowledged as important regulators of the pyroptosis process. Importantly, the crosstalk between ncRNAs and pyroptosis affects various hallmarks of cancer, including cell growth, survival, metastasis and therapeutic resistance. The study of the involvement of pyroptosis-associated ncRNAs in cancer pathobiology has become a hot area in recent years, while there are limited reviews on this topic. Herein, we provide an overview of the complicated roles of ncRNAs, mainly including microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), in modulating pyroptosis, with a focus on the underlying mechanisms of the ncRNA-pyroptosis axis in cancer pathogenesis. Finally, we discuss the potential applications and challenges of exploiting pyroptosis-regulating ncRNAs as molecular biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer.

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NLRX1 of black carp suppresses MAVS-mediated antiviral signaling through its NACHT domain

Cited by 30 publications

References 37 publications

Teleost NOD-like receptors and their downstream signaling pathways: A brief review

Teleost NOD-like receptors and their downstream signaling pathways: A brief review

NLRX1 Is a Multifaceted and Enigmatic Regulator of Immune System Function

Noncoding RNA-mediated regulation of pyroptotic cell death in cancer

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