“…Therefore, metabolomics, the multi‐targeted analysis of endogenous metabolites from biological samples, is commonly used for biomarker discovery and to provide insight into the mechanisms underlying the observations (Johnson, Ivanisevic, & Siuzdak, ; Ma et al, ). 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR)‐based metabolomics had been proven to very efficiently identify the metabolic consequences of complex biological responses to the intervention of both endogenous (Drenos et al, ) and exogenous factors, such as natural dietary component effects (Liu, Tayyari, Edison, Su, & Gu, ). A urine sample would be the potential ideal candidate for detection of global metabolic responses because of the ease of sample collection and the high number and intensity of altered metabolites (Roux, Thevenot, Seguin, Olivier, & Junot, ).…”