NMR evidence for the unexpected interconversion of 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose and 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-mannose in mice.

Tissue‐specific differences in 2‐fluoro‐2‐deoxyglucose metabolism beyond FDG‐6‐P: a 19F NMR spectroscopy study in the rat

“…The supernatant was freeze-dried overnight and subsequently re-dissolved in 800 ml D 2 O prior to NMR analysis. 19 F NMR spectra of the tissue extracts were acquired at 470.59 MHz on either a Bruker DRX 500 (Birkbeck College) or a Varian Unity Plus 500 (Institute of Child Health), using an inverse gated sequence with proton decoupling. Acquisition parameters were as follows: 18 pulse angle, 1 s pulse delay, 0.78 s acquisition time, 42 016 Hz sweep width, temperature 300 K. The number of scans ranged from 2000 to 35 000.…”

“…Quantification of metabolites was achieved by reference to a calibration curve of FDG concentration against relative peak area of FDG. This was constructed by acquiring 19 F NMR spectra of known concentrations of FDG (0.05-2 mM) and measuring the peak areas relative to the standard capillary containing 0.1 mM hexafluorobenzene. The equation of the line was determined and used for quantification of spectral peaks.…”

“…Although one cannot differentiate between different fluorine-containing molecules with 18 FDG-PET, one can differentiate between them using 19 F NMR spectroscopy. NMR spectroscopic studies in mice have demonstrated the accumulation of several FDG metabolites in mouse brain, such as FDG-1-P 12 and NDP-FDM 13 , suggesting that, while taking no further part in the glycolytic pathway, metabolism of FDG does continue beyond FDG-6-P.…”

“…In the present study therefore, we have employed 19 F-NMR spectroscopy to characterize FDG metabolism in the brain, heart, liver and kidney of the rat, to identify the key metabolites produced and to calculate the proportion of FDG that is metabolized beyond FDG-6-P in each tissue. We then correlated the tissue-specific differences in the metabolites observed with what is currently known about the metabolic function and biochemistry of each organ examined.…”

19F Magnetic resonance imaging of perfluorooctanoic acid encapsulated in liposome for biodistribution measurement

“…The 19 F NMR signal intensity of the CF 3 group of PFOA from organ was measured to determine the concentration. The quantification was performed by utilizing the calibration curve made by the benzene solution of trifluoroactamide (CF 3 CONH 2 ) after the correction of the measured signal intensity to the thermal equilibrated signal intensity according to the published method [20]. Briefly, the correction was performed for the filling factor of the sample tissue in the NMR detection coil and for the insufficient recovery of magnetization vectors after a pulse with the observed T 1 value of sample:…”