No Evidence of Marseillevirus-like Virus Presence in Blood Donors and Recipients of Multiple Blood Transfusions

Sauvage, Virginie; Livartowski, Audrey; Boizeau, Laure; Servant‐Delmas, Annabelle; Lionnet, François; Lefrère, Jean‐Jacques; Laperche, Syria

doi:10.1093/infdis/jiu443

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The report of giant DNA viruses in human blood requires further investigation to confirm their presence in human blood, their potential geographic distribution, genetic polymorphism, and potential disease association. Such studies should be rigorously designed to test the presence of suspected infectious agents as recently done for mouse retroviruses associated with prostate cancer and chronic fatigue syndrome to validate the ability of GBM virus to infect humans …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absence of giant blood Marseille‐like virus DNA detection by polymerase chain reaction in plasma from healthy US blood donors and serum from multiply transfused patients from Cameroon

et al. 2015

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absence of giant blood Marseille‐like virus DNA detection by polymerase chain reaction in plasma from healthy US blood donors and serum from multiply transfused patients from Cameroon

et al. 2015

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“…Our finding of a small number of reads in only 0.2% of the study population suggests that giant virus DNA is not a frequent finding in blood or that its detection also reflects reagent or laboratory contamination [56]. In addition, the presence of samples with high viral-titers leads to misidentification of samples, due to sharing of barcodes in single-index sequencing libraries [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The blood DNA virome in 8,000 humans

Moustafa¹,

Xie²,

Kirkness³

et al. 2017

PLoS Pathog

272

258

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The characterization of the blood virome is important for the safety of blood-derived transfusion products, and for the identification of emerging pathogens. We explored non-human sequence data from whole-genome sequencing of blood from 8,240 individuals, none of whom were ascertained for any infectious disease. Viral sequences were extracted from the pool of sequence reads that did not map to the human reference genome. Analyses sifted through close to 1 Petabyte of sequence data and performed 0.5 trillion similarity searches. With a lower bound for identification of 2 viral genomes/100,000 cells, we mapped sequences to 94 different viruses, including sequences from 19 human DNA viruses, proviruses and RNA viruses (herpesviruses, anelloviruses, papillomaviruses, three polyomaviruses, adenovirus, HIV, HTLV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, parvovirus B19, and influenza virus) in 42% of the study participants. Of possible relevance to transfusion medicine, we identified Merkel cell polyomavirus in 49 individuals, papillomavirus in blood of 13 individuals, parvovirus B19 in 6 individuals, and the presence of herpesvirus 8 in 3 individuals. The presence of DNA sequences from two RNA viruses was unexpected: Hepatitis C virus is revealing of an integration event, while the influenza virus sequence resulted from immunization with a DNA vaccine. Age, sex and ancestry contributed significantly to the prevalence of infection. The remaining 75 viruses mostly reflect extensive contamination of commercial reagents and from the environment. These technical problems represent a major challenge for the identification of novel human pathogens. Increasing availability of human whole-genome sequences will contribute substantial amounts of data on the composition of the normal and pathogenic human blood virome. Distinguishing contaminants from real human viruses is challenging.

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“…Other examples of viruses recently described in human blood samples by metagenomics and HTS can be cited such as the human hepegivirus 1 (HHpgV-1), discovered in post-transfusion serum samples from blood recipients [99]; a divergent Gemycirculavirus (GemyC1c), found in an HIV1-positive blood donation [100]; and Giant Blood Marseillevirus (GMB), discovered initially in a pool of samples collected from asymptomatic blood donors from the South of France [101] and subsequently found by PCR in 4% of 174 studied healthy donors and in 9.1% of post-transfusion sera from thalassemia patients [102]. However, in two recent studies reported (339 [103] and 187 [104] subjects, respectively), GMB viral DNA was not detected by PCR in any of the human plasma samples analyzed. Further investigations are needed to confirm the reality of these novel viral infections in humans, their potential pathogenicity and transfusion transmissibility.…”

Section: Viral Metagenomics Applied To Plasma Samples From Blood Donomentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral metagenomics and blood safety

Sauvage

Éloit

2016

Transfusion Clinique et Biologique

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The characterization of the human blood-associated viral community (also called blood virome) is essential for epidemiological surveillance and to anticipate new potential threats for blood transfusion safety. Currently, the risk of blood-borne agent transmission of well-known viruses (HBV, HCV, HIV and HTLV) can be considered as under control in high-resource countries. However, other viruses unknown or unsuspected may be transmitted to recipients by blood-derived products. This is particularly relevant considering that a significant proportion of transfused patients are immunocompromised and more frequently subjected to fatal outcomes. Several measures to prevent transfusion transmission of unknown viruses have been implemented including the exclusion of at-risk donors, leukocyte reduction of donor blood, and physicochemical treatment of the different blood components. However, up to now there is no universal method for pathogen inactivation, which would be applicable for all types of blood components and, equally effective for all viral families. In addition, among available inactivation procedures of viral genomes, some of them are recognized to be less effective on non-enveloped viruses, and inadequate to inactivate higher viral titers in plasma pools or derivatives. Given this, there is the need to implement new methodologies for the discovery of unknown viruses that may affect blood transfusion. Viral metagenomics combined with High Throughput Sequencing appears as a promising approach for the identification and global surveillance of new and/or unexpected viruses that could impair blood transfusion safety.

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No Evidence of Marseillevirus-like Virus Presence in Blood Donors and Recipients of Multiple Blood Transfusions

Cited by 19 publications

References 8 publications

Absence of giant blood Marseille‐like virus DNA detection by polymerase chain reaction in plasma from healthy US blood donors and serum from multiply transfused patients from Cameroon

Absence of giant blood Marseille‐like virus DNA detection by polymerase chain reaction in plasma from healthy US blood donors and serum from multiply transfused patients from Cameroon

The blood DNA virome in 8,000 humans

Viral metagenomics and blood safety

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