No-smoking laws in the United States. An analysis of state and city actions to limit smoking in public places and workplaces

Rigotti, Nancy A.; Pashos, Chris L.

doi:10.1001/jama.266.22.3162

Cited by 47 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In a multivariate analysis (35), moderate or extensive clean indoor air laws were associated with a lower smoking rate and a higher proportion of quitters. An association was noted between local smoking restrictions and smoking prevalence in Massachusetts (89). In a population-based study of California residents (116), the prevalence of regular smokers was 13.7% in smoke-free workplaces, compared with 20.6% in workplaces with no smoking restrictions.…”

Section: Population-based Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE:Health Effects and Policies to Reduce Exposure

Brownson

Eriksen²,

Davis

et al. 1997

Annu. Rev. Public Health

126

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The health hazards due to exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) are increasingly established. ETS contains thousands of chemicals including 43 known carcinogens. Known health effects of ETS exposure are lung cancer in nonsmokers, childhood disorders such as bronchitis, and perhaps, heart disease. Workplace exposure to ETS is widespread and is influenced strongly by the type of smoking policy in the workplace. To decrease ETS exposure, efforts to restrict public smoking have proliferated over the past decade. These restrictions have emanated from government as well as voluntary measures by various private industries. Bans on public smoking are effective in reducing nonsmokers' exposure to ETS. Workplace smoking bans also influence the intensity of smoking among employees and may increase quit smoking rates. In addition to the health benefits from smoke-free workplaces, there are likely cost savings to employers who implement such policies.

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Section: Population-based Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since then, governmental and private business policies that limit smoking in public places have become increasingly more common and restrictive (89). The designation of ETS as a group A (known human) carcinogen by the US EPA in 1992 has stimulated further restrictions on smoking in public places.…”

Section: Public Health Policies To Reduce Ets Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE:Health Effects and Policies to Reduce Exposure

Brownson

Eriksen²,

Davis

et al. 1997

Annu. Rev. Public Health

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[9][10][11] Many states in the United States have also banned smoking at work. 12 To date, there are still no such laws or regulations at the governmental level in China and smoke-free policies at individual workplaces are rare. Despite the fact that China CDC proposed that all CDC offices, hospitals, and university hospitals around the country ban smoking in their premises, only 4 of 14 CDC buildings in the current survey had a smoking policy and none of the cities we surveyed had a city-wide policy regulating workplace smoking.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of a Smoke-Free Policy in Lowering Secondhand Smoke Concentrations in Offices in China

Gan

Hammond

Jiang

et al. 2008

Journal of Occupational &Amp; Environmental Medicine

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Objective-To examine the secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure level in Chinese office buildings and to evaluate the effectiveness of a smoke-free policy in reducing SHS exposure.Methods-Survey of smoking policies and measurement of SHS level in 14 office buildings from 10 provinces in China.Results-Smoking in the building significantly elevated the SHS concentrations both in offices with at least one smoker and in offices with no smokers. In one building that recently adopted a smoke-free policy, the nicotine concentrations decreased significantly after the policy was enacted. Enactment of a smoking policy was effective in reducing SHS exposure in the buildings.Conclusions-Nonsmoking office workers in China were exposed to significant levels of SHS at work; both the central and local governments should realize the need to legislate against workplace smoking."The Tobacco Monopoly Act of the People's Republic of China" passed in 1991 requires that smoking should be banned or restricted in public places and on public transportation. "The Act for Protection of Minors" (1991) stipulates that no smoking is allowed in classrooms or dorms of middle schools, elementary schools, and kindergartens. In 1997, the central government drafted its first legislation that banned smoking in public transportation and its waiting areas. 1 Many provinces and cities also passed their own regulations. In 1993, Suzhou of Jiangsu Province became the first city in the country to ban smoking in all public places. By October 2006, 46% of all cities in China had passed regulations banning smoking in public places. The coverage of these local regulations went beyond public transportation and associated waiting areas, which are stipulated by the national law, to encompass most of the public places, including cinemas, museums, shopping malls, pubs, hospitals, kindergartens, and schools. 1 Compared with smoking in public places, workplace smoking has scarcely been mentioned in the law in China. There are cases of voluntary adoption of smoke-free policies at work, typically in certain professions, such as among health care institutions, but to date, there has been no regulation at any government level restricting workplace smoking in China. A typical worker spends 8 hours a day at work, and studies have shown that the work-place is one of the most important sources of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure for nonsmokers. CDC offices, hospitals, and university hospitals around the country ban smoking in their premises. Some institutes already had a smoke-free policy in place before the proposal, and some others signed the proposal to adopt the policy. Nevertheless, China CDC has no administrative control over most of the institutes mentioned above. In the end, only a minority of the institutes signed the proposal, and most were left without a smoking policy. To investigate the degree to which such a smoke-free policy has achieved its desired goal of protecting the health of non-smokers at work, we compared the SHS level across fourteen health-related...

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“…Most restrictions on smoking have been initiated by state and local governments and involve banning smoking in public places, workplaces, schools, and restaurants. 7,[107][108][109] Although targeted restrictions and bans are popular with the public and have proven to be effective deterrents to tobacco use, a total ban on tobacco use is not likely to be widely adopted, at least in the United States. As Bierer and Rigotti 107 note, tobacco was widely used and integrated into the American economy before discoveries about its harmful health impact.…”

Section: Public Policy Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pediatrician's Role in Reducing Tobacco Exposure in Children

et al. 2000

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ABSTRACT. Objective. Pediatricians have a unique and important role to play in the prevention and treatment of childhood and adolescent tobacco use, the protection of patients from the harmful effects of environmental tobacco smoke, and the encouragement of smoking cessation among parents. However, because recent research indicates that physician training in tobacco dependence is woefully weak and lacks a model for training, this article constructs a useful approach to this problem.Methodology. A comprehensive review of the literature served as the basis for the development of a new model for pediatrician training in tobacco dependence.Results. A comprehensive model is presented for training pediatricians in the areas of reducing infant and child exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, preventing youth smoking initiation, and providing smoking cessation assistance for adolescents and parents.Conclusions. Pediatricians have been called on to play an active role in the antitobacco arena. Because of their unique opportunity to interact with children, adolescents, and parents, pediatricians can and should be antitobacco interventionists. For this to occur, however, additional guidance should be provided to pediatricians during their training to better prepare them to carry out effective assessment and intervention practices. Pediatrics 2000;106(5). URL: http://www.pediatrics.org/ cgi/content/full/106/5/e66; smoking initiation, smoking prevention, smoking cessation, environmental tobacco smoke, pediatricians.

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No-smoking laws in the United States. An analysis of state and city actions to limit smoking in public places and workplaces

Cited by 47 publications

References 8 publications

ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE:Health Effects and Policies to Reduce Exposure

ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE:Health Effects and Policies to Reduce Exposure

Effectiveness of a Smoke-Free Policy in Lowering Secondhand Smoke Concentrations in Offices in China

The Pediatrician's Role in Reducing Tobacco Exposure in Children

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