Nodular Hyperplasia of the Bartholin Gland, A Benign Mimicker of Aggressive Angiomyxoma: A Case Series and Literature Review

Tseng, Yun An; Lawrence, W. Dwayne; Slater, Shahrzad E.

doi:10.1097/pgp.0000000000000456

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Patients often visit the hospital due to a palpable, slow-growing, painless soft tissue mass in the vulvovaginal or perianal region or incidental findings of pelvic imaging without other discomfort. Some patients may experience symptoms related to local mass effects, such as dysuria, vaginal discomfort, or dyspareunia ( 9 – 15 ). Two out of the three cases included in this study presented with a gradually expanding and painless vulvar mass, while one exhibited significant anterior vaginal wall prolapse accompanied by urinary incontinence and dysuria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Misleading clinical and imaging features in atypical aggressive angiomyxoma of the female vulvovaginal or perianal region: report of three cases and review of the literature

Zhang,

Liu,

Peng

2024

Front. Oncol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectivesAggressive (deep) angiomyxoma (AAM) is a rare mesenchymal tumor that typically originates from the vulvovaginal region, perineum, and pelvis in adult women. The objective of this case report and literature review is to comprehensively analyze the clinical, imaging, and pathological characteristics of atypical AAM in the female lower genital tract and pelvic floor in order to minimize preoperative misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis and ultimately optimize the clinical management strategy.MethodsThe data of three cases with atypical AAM, which demonstrate similarities with other lesions observed in the female lower genital tract over the past 1.5 years, were retrospectively described. This description included clinical management, images and reports of ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), clinicopathological features, follow-up, and outcomes. In the Discussion section, a review of the literature on MEDLINE (PubMed) and Web of Science from the past 50 years was conducted.ResultsThe three cases all underwent preoperative ultrasonography, and two of them also underwent preoperative MRI examination. Complete resection of the lesions was performed in all three cases, followed by postoperative pathological examination. The histopathology of these three cases revealed invasive angiomyxoma, as confirmed by immunohistochemical staining, which demonstrated positive expression of desmin, vimentin, estrogen, and progesterone receptors. The patients experienced a smooth postoperative recovery. Ultrasound had a diagnostic accuracy rate of 100% (3/3) for locating and determining the extent of the lesions; however, its specific diagnostic accuracy rate for identifying the pathological type was only 33% (1/3). In contrast, MRI had a diagnostic accuracy rate of 100% (2/2) for locating and determining the extent of lesions but did not show any specific diagnostic accuracy for identifying the pathological types.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that even if a vulvovaginal lesion presents with a superficial location, small size, limited scope, and regular shape, suspicion of atypical AAM should arise when palpation reveals toughness, tensility, and deformability under pressure. US reveals a well-defined hypoechoic to anechoic mass with uniformly distributed coarse dot echoes, with or without detectable intratumoral blood flow signal. MRI shows prolonged T1 and T2 signals with inhomogeneous enhancement and evident diffusion restriction on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI).

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Misleading clinical and imaging features in atypical aggressive angiomyxoma of the female vulvovaginal or perianal region: report of three cases and review of the literature

Zhang,

Liu,

Peng

2024

Front. Oncol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This staining is of importance as nodular hyperplasia can histologically be mistaken for aggressive angiomyxomas which can have a similar vascular pattern admixed with entrapped stromal cells yet stain weakly positive for sialomucins. 4 Immunohistochemical staining of 10 cases of nodular hyperplasia by Santos et al 5 showed a consistent staining pattern of positive staining for low-and-intermediate-weight cytokeratin CAM5.2, pancytokeratin AE1/AE3, high-molecular-weight cytokeratin (HMWK) 34βE12, polyclonal carcinoembryogenic antigen (CEA), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), and negative staining for alpha lactalbumin, monoclonal CEA, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, Ki-67, and tumor suppressor p53.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pitfalls in Pathology—Nodular Hyperplasia of Bartholin's Gland

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nodular hyperplasia of the Bartholin's gland is an underreported and extremely rare entity that presents as a solid lesion potentially raising concern for malignancy clinically, most solid lesions at this location are carcinomas. They may also be mistaken for a Bartholin cyst clinically. Nodular hyperplasia is rarer than carcinoma of the Bartholin gland, and hence pathologists may not be familiar with this entity, making it a pitfall in pathologic as well as a clinical diagnosis. Here we report a case originally considered a Bartholin cyst, but raising intraoperative concern due to solid elements. Histological examination of the lesion revealed nodular hyperplasia of Bartholin's gland. Recognition of this entity is important, as it is something that may be encountered by the pathologist.

show abstract

“…Studies have shown that the cause of NH is not clear; however, most of studies suggest that inflammation and obstruction to the Bartholin’s gland duct may be responsible for inducing the proliferation of acini, which is the hallmark microscopic picture of the disease entity [ 7 ]. There has been a debate on how adenomas can be histologically distinguished from NH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bartholin’s gland hyperplasia with dysplastic changes: a rare case report

Yahaya

2020

Journal of Surgical Case Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of this paper is to report unusual, rarest and interesting case of a patient with nodular hyperplasia of Bartholin's gland with dysplastic changes. The case of a 30-year old female with right-sided Bartholin’s gland hyperplasia with dysplastic changes, which was confirmed histopathologically, is presented in this paper. The patient reported increased swelling of the right major labium when she became sexually aroused with intermittent dyspareunia during intercourse. Surgical excision of the swelling was done under general anaesthesia. Healing of the surgical scar was complete and she reported no any discomfort or dyspareunia during sexual intercourse. Bartholin’s gland swellings with firm consistency require complete excision due to possibility of being neoplastic rather than just inflammation, cyst or obstructed gland particularly in postmenopausal women. Diagnosis of nodular hyperplasia of Bartholin’s gland with areas of dysplastic changes in the present case is of great interest and requires further investigation.

show abstract

Nodular Hyperplasia of the Bartholin Gland, A Benign Mimicker of Aggressive Angiomyxoma: A Case Series and Literature Review

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

Misleading clinical and imaging features in atypical aggressive angiomyxoma of the female vulvovaginal or perianal region: report of three cases and review of the literature

Misleading clinical and imaging features in atypical aggressive angiomyxoma of the female vulvovaginal or perianal region: report of three cases and review of the literature

Pitfalls in Pathology—Nodular Hyperplasia of Bartholin's Gland

Bartholin’s gland hyperplasia with dysplastic changes: a rare case report

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About