Noise Analysis and Simulation of Chopper Amplifier

Yin, Tao; Yang, Haigang; Yuan, Quan; Cui, Guoping

doi:10.1109/apccas.2006.342339

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…During measurements, the beam passed the chopper wheel in periodicity and was modulated in a specific frequency. Meanwhile, the chopper controller sent the reference signal—having the same frequency as the beam—to the reference channel of the lock-in amplifier [12,13,14]. The beam of radiation then passed the potassium bromide interferometer and was transformed into an interference light with the Fourier transform frequency.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Apparatus for Spectral Emissivity Measurements of Thermal Control Materials at Low Temperatures

Zhang

et al. 2019

Materials

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Thermal control materials are employed to adjust the temperature of a spacecraft operating in deep space. The spectral emissivity is a crucial factor in evaluating the thermal radiative properties of such materials. An apparatus, composed of a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), a sample cooling chamber and a mechanical modulation system was demonstrated to measure low temperature infrared spectral emissivity under vacuum. The mechanical modulation system, which includes a chopper and a lock-in amplifier, is employed to reduce the interference of background radiation during measurements. The limitation of the Fourier transform frequency on the chopper frequency can be eliminated by setting the FTIR on step-scan mode. The apparatus is separated into two parts and evacuated by different pumps. In this study, a high quality emission spectrum of a sample is measured by the apparatus. The spectral emissivity of thermal control materials are obtained in the wavelength range of 8 to 14 μm at 173 and 213 K. The combined standard uncertainty of the apparatus is 3.30% at 213 K.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Apparatus for Spectral Emissivity Measurements of Thermal Control Materials at Low Temperatures

Zhang

et al. 2019

Materials

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“…To allow accurate low frequency measurements, it is crucial to effectively reduce this influence by adequate circuit design techniques. For this reason, the C/V converter was implemented as a chopper amplifier [10], [11]. The total noise power of a chopper amplifier (including the feedback network) can be calculated as [10], [12] 𝑣…”

Section: B Analog Roicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, the C/V converter was implemented as a chopper amplifier [10], [11]. The total noise power of a chopper amplifier (including the feedback network) can be calculated as [10], [12] 𝑣…”

Section: B Analog Roicmentioning

confidence: 99%

A High-Precision and High-Bandwidth MEMS-Based Capacitive Accelerometer

et al. 2018

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In this paper, we present a capacitive, MEMS-based accelerometer comprising an ultra-low noise CMOS integrated readout-IC and a high-precision bulk micro machined sensing element. The resulting accelerometer reaches an acceleration equivalent noise of only 200 ng/√Hz, which makes it suitable for seismic measurement that require noise levels significantly below 1 µg/√Hz. Additionally, a high bandwidth of more than 5 kHz was achieved, which also makes the presented sensor system applicable for high-frequency measurements, e.g. in predictive maintenance applications for rotating machinery. The design of the sensing element and readout IC is presented in detail and measurement results are shown which demonstrate the performance of the sensor system.

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“…As the first two come along with sampling of the measurement signal, an effect known as noise folding leads to increased white noise (and thus increased total system noise) in the baseband. This disadvantage is avoided in a chopper stabilized system because the process of modulation and demodulation does not increase baseband noise (Yin et al, 2006;Enz et al, 1987). For a chopper stabilized amplifier, the total noise power can be calculated as (Yin et al, 2006;Kevin et al, 2010) …”

Section: Low Noise Design Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An ultra-low noise capacitance to voltage converter for sensor applications in 0.35  µm CMOS

Utz

Walk

Haas

et al. 2017

J. Sens. Sens. Syst.

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Abstract. In this paper we present a readout circuit for capacitive micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) sensors such as accelerometers, gyroscopes or pressure sensors. A flexible interface allows connection of a wide range of types of sensing elements. The ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit) was designed with a focus on ultra-low noise operation and high analog measurement performance. Theoretical considerations on system noise are presented which lead to design requirements affecting the reachable overall measurement performance. Special emphasis is put on the design of the fully differential operational amplifiers, as these have the dominant influence on the achievable overall performance. The measured input referred noise is below 50 zF/ √Hz within a bandwidth of 10 Hz to 10 kHz. Four adjustable gain settings allow the adaption to measurement ranges from ±750 fF to ±3 pF. This ensures compatibility with a wide range of sensor applications. The full input signal bandwidth ranges from 0 Hz to more than 50 kHz. A high-precision accelerometer system was built from the described ASIC and a high-sensitivity, low-noise sensor MEMS. The design of the MEMS is outlined and the overall system performance, which yields a combined noise floor of 200 ng/ √ Hz, is demonstrated. Finally, we show an application using the ASIC together with a CMOS integrated capacitive pressure sensor, which yields a measurement signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of more than 100 dB.

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Noise Analysis and Simulation of Chopper Amplifier

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

An Apparatus for Spectral Emissivity Measurements of Thermal Control Materials at Low Temperatures

An Apparatus for Spectral Emissivity Measurements of Thermal Control Materials at Low Temperatures

A High-Precision and High-Bandwidth MEMS-Based Capacitive Accelerometer

An ultra-low noise capacitance to voltage converter for sensor applications in 0.35  µm CMOS

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Noise Analysis and Simulation of Chopper Amplifier

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

An Apparatus for Spectral Emissivity Measurements of Thermal Control Materials at Low Temperatures

An Apparatus for Spectral Emissivity Measurements of Thermal Control Materials at Low Temperatures

A High-Precision and High-Bandwidth MEMS-Based Capacitive Accelerometer

An ultra-low noise capacitance to voltage converter for sensor applications in 0.35 µm CMOS

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

An ultra-low noise capacitance to voltage converter for sensor applications in 0.35  µm CMOS